| ᠳᠥᠷᠪᠡᠳᠦᠭᠡᠷ ᠬᠡᠰᠡᠭ ᠡᠳ᠋ ᠤᠨ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠮᠢᠶᠠᠷᠤᠯᠲᠠ | ᠨᠢᠭᠡ᠂ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠬᠤᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡᠳ᠋ ᠤᠨ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠮᠢᠶᠠᠷᠤᠯᠲᠠ | ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠮᠠᠯ ᠬᠥᠷᠥᠩᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠠᠮᠢᠶᠠᠷᠤᠯᠲᠠ ᠴᠢᠯᠦᠭᠡᠯᠡᠭᠳᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠡᠬᠢᠨ ᠦᠶᠡ ᠳᠤ ᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨᠬᠠᠳᠠ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠨᠢ ᠵᠥᠪᠬᠡᠨ ᠬᠡᠪᠴᠢᠶᠡ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠲᠦᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠭᠠ | ᠬᠡᠳᠦᠨ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠵᠠᠢ᠃ 1949 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠦᠬᠦ ᠠᠶᠢᠮᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠬᠦᠨ ᠤ ᠶᠡᠷᠦᠩᠬᠡᠢ ᠥᠷᠲᠡᠭ ᠵᠥᠪᠬᠡᠨ 603 | ᠲᠦᠮᠡᠨ ᠲᠥᠭᠦᠷᠢᠭ ᠪᠣᠯᠵᠤ᠂ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠬᠦᠨ ᠤ ᠥᠷᠲᠡᠭ ᠨᠢ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠯᠠᠩ ᠤᠨ ᠶᠡᠷᠦᠩᠬᠡᠢ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠬᠦᠨ ᠤ | ᠥᠷᠲᠡᠭ ᠤᠨ 2.2% ᠢ ᠯᠡ ᠡᠵᠡᠯᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠪᠠ᠃ 19 ᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠬᠤᠶᠢᠯᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠮᠠᠯ ᠬᠥᠷᠥᠩᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠤᠤᠯ ᠥᠷᠲᠡᠭ 300 ᠲᠦᠮᠡᠨ ᠲᠥᠭᠦᠷᠢᠭ ᠣᠷᠴᠢᠮ | ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠪᠠ᠃ 1943 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨᠬᠠᠳᠠ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠦᠬᠦ ᠠᠷᠠᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠥᠮᠴᠢᠯᠡᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠬᠤᠶᠢᠯᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠮᠠᠯ ᠬᠥᠷᠥᠩᠭᠡ | ᠵᠥᠪᠬᠡᠨ 219 ᠲᠦᠮᠡᠨ ᠲᠥᠭᠦᠷᠢᠭ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠪᠠ᠃ 1990 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠨᠲᠡ ᠨᠡᠮᠡᠭᠳᠡᠭᠡᠳ 429768 ᠲᠦᠮᠡᠨ ᠲᠥᠭᠦᠷᠢᠭ ᠪᠣᠯᠵᠤ᠂ ᠴᠤᠯ ᠥᠷᠲᠡᠭ ᠨᠢ | 317184 ᠲᠦᠮᠡᠨ ᠲᠥᠭᠦᠷᠢᠭ ᠬᠦᠷᠪᠡ᠃ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠬᠤᠶᠢᠯᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠠᠰᠤᠷᠠᠯ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠬᠥᠭᠵᠢᠬᠦ ᠶᠢ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠯᠳᠤᠨ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ | ᠲᠥᠬᠦᠭᠡᠷᠦᠮᠵᠢ ᠠᠭᠠᠵᠢᠮ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠨᠡᠮᠡᠭᠳᠡᠵᠦ᠂ ᠡᠳ᠋ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠠᠯᠠᠭᠠ ᠮᠥᠴᠢᠷ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠬᠤᠶᠢᠯᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠮᠠᠯ | ᠬᠥᠷᠥᠩᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠠᠯᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠬᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠢᠶᠠᠷᠤᠯᠲᠠ ᠪᠠᠰᠠ ᠤᠯᠠᠮ ᠴᠢᠩᠭᠠᠷᠠᠪᠠ᠃ | 1952 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨᠬᠠᠳᠠ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠬᠤᠶᠢᠯᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠮᠠᠯ ᠬᠥᠷᠥᠩᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠠᠮᠢᠶᠠᠷᠤᠯᠲᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠡᠳ᠋ ᠤᠨ | ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠶᠠᠮᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠭᠠᠯ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠥᠷᠲᠡᠭ ᠨᠢ 100 ᠲᠥᠭᠦᠷᠢᠭ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠭᠰᠢ᠂ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠢᠵᠠᠭᠠᠷ ᠨᠢ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠭᠰᠢ ᠯᠡ ᠪᠣᠯ | ᠴᠥᠮ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠮᠠᠯ ᠬᠥᠷᠥᠩᠭᠡ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠣᠭᠠᠴᠠᠪᠠ᠃ | 1953 ᠣᠨ ᠤ 11 ᠰᠠᠷᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠥᠯᠥᠪᠯᠡᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠵᠥᠪᠯᠡᠯ ︽ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠮᠠᠯ ᠬᠥᠷᠥᠩᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠮᠵᠢᠶᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠳᠡᠯ︾ | ᠪᠠᠭᠤᠯᠭᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠥᠷᠲᠡᠭ ᠨᠢ 200 ᠲᠥᠭᠦᠷᠢᠭ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠭᠰᠢ ᠯᠡ ᠶᠤᠮ ᠪᠣᠯ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠮᠠᠯ ᠬᠥᠷᠥᠩᠭᠡ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠪᠣᠳᠣᠵᠤ᠂ 200 ᠲᠥᠭᠦᠷᠢᠭ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠳᠣᠷᠣᠭᠰᠢ ᠪᠣᠯ | ᠳᠣᠣᠷᠠ ᠥᠷᠲᠡᠭ ᠪᠦᠬᠦᠢ ᠬᠢᠯᠪᠠᠷ ᠡᠯᠡᠭᠳᠡᠬᠦ ᠵᠦᠢᠯ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠪᠣᠳᠣᠪᠠ᠃ | 1959 ᠣᠨ ᠤ 7 ᠰᠠᠷᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠥᠪᠥᠷ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠥᠪᠡᠷᠲᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠬᠤ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ︽ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠮᠴᠢᠯᠡᠯᠲᠦ ᠠᠵᠤ | ᠠᠬᠤᠶᠢᠯᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠮᠠᠯ ᠬᠥᠷᠥᠩᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠠᠮᠢᠶᠠᠷᠤᠯᠲᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠷᠭᠠ︾ ᠶᠢ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠲᠡᠯᠡᠵᠦ᠂ ᠲᠤᠭᠲᠠᠮᠠᠯ ᠬᠥᠷᠥᠩᠭᠡ ᠪᠠ ᠭᠦᠢᠯᠭᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠪᠡᠯᠡ ᠮᠥᠩᠭᠦ ᠶᠢ ᠢᠯᠭᠠᠬᠤ | ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠮᠵᠢᠶᠠ ᠪᠠ ᠬᠡᠪᠴᠢᠶᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠭᠠᠪᠠ᠄ ᠬᠥᠩᠭᠡᠨ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠬᠤᠶᠢᠯᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠳ᠋ ᠪᠤᠳᠠᠰ ᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠥᠷᠲᠡᠭ ᠨᠢ 200 ᠲᠥᠭᠦᠷᠢᠭ᠂ | ᠬᠦᠨᠳᠦ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠬᠤᠶᠢᠯᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠳ᠋ ᠪᠤᠳᠠᠰ ᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠦᠷᠲᠡᠭ 500 ᠲᠥᠭᠦᠷᠢᠭ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠭᠰᠢ᠂ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠢᠵᠠᠭᠠᠷ ᠨᠢ | ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠭᠰᠢ ᠪᠣᠯ ᠴᠥᠮ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠮᠠᠯ ᠬᠥᠷᠥᠩᠭᠡ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠲᠣᠭᠠᠴᠠᠪᠠ᠃ | 1961 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠰᠠ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠬᠤᠶᠢᠯᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯᠡᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠ ᠮᠠᠯ ᠤᠨᠤᠭᠠ᠂ ᠴᠠᠬᠢᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠴᠠᠬᠢᠯᠭᠠᠨ | ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠭᠦᠷ᠂ ᠣᠶᠣᠳᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠣᠶᠣᠳᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠮᠠᠰᠢᠨ᠂ ᠬᠡᠪᠯᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠴᠢᠯᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠮᠠᠰᠢᠨ ᠪᠠ ᠲᠤᠭᠤᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠦᠰᠦᠭ᠂ ᠠᠷᠢᠬᠢᠨ | ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠥᠷᠥᠩᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠤᠷᠭᠤ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠡᠳᠦ᠋ᠢᠪᠡᠷ ᠦᠨᠡ ᠬᠠᠩᠰᠢ ᠨᠢ 200 ᠲᠥᠭᠦᠷᠢᠭ ᠬᠦᠷᠬᠦ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠴᠦ ᠴᠥᠮ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠮᠠᠯ ᠬᠥᠷᠥᠩᠭᠡ ᠪᠠᠷ | ᠪᠣᠳᠣᠵᠤ ᠬᠠᠮᠢᠶᠠᠷᠪᠠ᠃ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠮᠠᠯ ᠬᠥᠷᠥᠩᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠠᠮᠢᠶᠠᠷᠤᠯᠲᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠴᠢᠩᠭᠠᠳᠬᠠᠬᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠥᠯᠥᠭᠡ ᠡᠯᠡ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠬᠤᠶᠢᠯᠠᠯ ᠨᠢ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠮᠠᠯ ᠬᠥᠷᠥᠩᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ | ᠺᠠᠷᠲ ᠪᠠ ᠬᠠᠮᠢᠶᠠᠷᠤᠯᠲᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠳᠦᠷᠢᠮ ᠭᠠᠷᠭᠠᠪᠠ᠃ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠮᠠᠯ ᠬᠥᠷᠥᠩᠭᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠨᠤᠷᠠᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠰᠢᠯᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ ᠳᠤ ᠡᠷᠬᠡᠪᠰᠢ ᠮᠡᠷᠭᠡᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠢᠨᠠᠨ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠭᠠᠯ ᠬᠢᠬᠦ | ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠲᠡᠢ᠃ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠮᠠᠯ ᠬᠥᠷᠥᠩᠭᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠴᠡᠭᠡ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠬᠠᠰᠤᠵᠤ ᠬᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠴᠡᠪᠡᠷ ᠥᠷᠲᠡᠭ ᠨᠢ 5 000 ᠲᠥᠭᠦᠷᠢᠭ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠳᠣᠷᠣᠭᠰᠢ ᠪᠣᠯ ᠠᠵᠤ | ᠠᠬᠤᠶᠢᠯᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠤᠳᠤᠷᠢᠳᠤᠯᠭᠠ ᠰᠢᠢᠳᠴᠦ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠᠳ ᠰᠢᠢᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠣᠯᠣᠨᠠ᠃ ᠰᠢᠢᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠦᠷᠡ ᠳ᠋ᠦᠩ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠭᠤᠣᠯᠯᠠᠨ ᠬᠠᠮᠢᠶᠠᠷᠬᠤ ᠰᠠᠯᠠᠭᠠ | ᠮᠥᠴᠢᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠦᠯᠵᠦ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠴᠠᠭᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠦᠯᠢᠶᠡᠨᠡ᠃ ᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠪᠦᠷᠢᠨ ᠳᠦᠬᠦᠷ ᠮᠠᠰᠢᠨ ᠲᠥᠬᠦᠭᠡᠷᠦᠮᠵᠢ ᠪᠠ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠠᠰᠤᠭ᠂ | ᠠᠭᠤᠷᠬᠠᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠤᠳᠳᠤᠭ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠮᠠᠯ ᠬᠥᠷᠥᠩᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠴᠡᠪᠡᠷ ᠥᠷᠲᠡᠭ ᠨᠢ 5 000 ᠲᠥᠭᠦᠷᠢᠭ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠭᠰᠢ ᠪᠣᠯ ᠡᠷᠬᠡᠪᠰᠢ ᠭᠤᠣᠯᠯᠠᠨ ᠬᠠᠮᠢᠶᠠᠷᠬᠤ | ᠰᠠᠯᠠᠭᠠ ᠮᠥᠴᠢᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠦᠯᠵᠦ ᠵᠥᠪᠰᠢᠶᠡᠷᠡᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠲᠡᠢ᠃ ᠶᠡᠷᠦ ᠪᠤᠰᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠳᠡᠯ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠪᠣᠯᠵᠤ ᠨᠤᠷᠠᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠰᠢᠯᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ ᠴᠢᠬᠤᠯᠠᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠣᠯ ᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠ ᠨᠢ | ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠦᠯᠵᠦ ᠪᠣᠯᠣᠨᠠ᠃ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠮᠠᠯ ᠬᠥᠷᠥᠩᠭᠡ ᠡᠪᠳᠡᠷᠡᠯ ᠬᠤᠬᠢᠷᠠᠯ᠂ ᠲᠣᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠯᠳᠠᠭᠳᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠰᠢᠢᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠭᠤᠣᠯᠯᠠᠨ ᠬᠠᠮᠢᠶᠠᠷᠬᠤ ᠰᠠᠯᠠᠭᠠ | ᠮᠥᠴᠢᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠢᠢᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠭᠠᠷᠬᠤ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠡᠮᠦᠨᠡ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠬᠤᠶᠢᠯᠠᠯ ᠨᠢ ᠳᠤᠷᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠷᠢ ᠮᠥᠩᠭᠦ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠠᠰᠤᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭᠳᠠᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤ | ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠭᠡᠵᠡᠢ᠃ | 1964 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠡᠳ᠋ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠶᠠᠮᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠭᠠᠯ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠬᠤᠶᠢᠯᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠮᠠᠯ ᠬᠥᠷᠥᠩᠭᠡ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠴᠡᠭᠡ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠭᠠᠷᠭᠠᠬᠤ | ᠵᠥᠪᠰᠢᠶᠡᠷᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠷᠬᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠢᠵᠠᠭᠠᠷ ᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠᠯᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠠᠮᠰᠢᠭ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠪᠣᠯᠵᠤ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠮᠠᠯ ᠬᠥᠷᠥᠩᠭᠡ ᠡᠪᠳᠡᠷᠡᠵᠦ ᠰᠦᠢᠳᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠣᠯ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠬᠤᠶᠢᠯᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ | ᠭᠤᠣᠯᠯᠠᠨ ᠬᠠᠮᠢᠶᠠᠷᠬᠤ ᠰᠠᠯᠠᠭᠠ ᠮᠥᠴᠢᠷ ᠬᠢᠨᠠᠵᠤ ᠴᠤᠴᠠᠯᠠᠨᠠ᠃ ᠠᠶᠠᠨᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠰᠢᠭᠰᠢᠭᠳᠡᠨ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠴᠡᠭᠡ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠭᠠᠷᠴᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠮᠠᠯ ᠬᠥᠷᠥᠩᠭᠡ ᠡᠯᠡᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ | ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠡ ᠭᠦᠢᠴᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠣᠯ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠬᠤᠶᠢᠯᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠤᠣᠯᠯᠠᠨ ᠬᠠᠮᠢᠶᠠᠷᠬᠤ ᠰᠠᠯᠠᠭᠠ ᠮᠥᠴᠢᠷ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠵᠥᠪᠰᠢᠶᠡᠷᠡᠵᠦ ᠬᠢᠨᠠᠨ ᠴᠤᠴᠠᠯᠠᠨᠠ᠃ ᠡᠯᠡᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠡ | ᠭᠦᠢᠴᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦᠢ ᠪᠣᠯ ᠭᠤᠣᠯᠯᠠᠨ ᠬᠠᠮᠢᠶᠠᠷᠬᠤ ᠰᠠᠯᠠᠭᠠ ᠮᠥᠴᠢᠷ ᠪᠠ ᠡᠳ᠋ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠠᠯᠠᠭᠠ ᠮᠥᠴᠢᠷ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠵᠥᠪᠰᠢᠶᠡᠷᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠ ᠰᠠᠶ᠋ᠢ ᠬᠢᠨᠠᠨ | ᠴᠤᠴᠠᠯᠠᠨᠠ ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠭᠠᠪᠠ᠃ ᠠᠶᠢᠮᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠳ᠋ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠠᠯᠠᠭᠠ ᠮᠥᠴᠢᠷ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠭᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠨᠢ᠄ ᠠᠶᠢᠮᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠬᠤᠶᠢᠯᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ | ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠷᠣᠨᠳᠤ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠠᠶᠢᠮᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠳᠣᠲᠣᠷᠠᠬᠢ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤ ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠬᠤᠶᠢᠯᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠷᠣᠨᠳᠤ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠮᠠᠯ ᠬᠥᠷᠥᠩᠭᠡ ᠰᠢᠯᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ | ᠠᠷᠠᠯᠵᠢᠶᠠᠯᠠᠪᠠᠯ ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠷ ᠡᠲᠡᠭᠡᠳ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠵᠥᠪᠰᠢᠶᠡᠷᠡᠵᠦ᠂ ᠭᠤᠣᠯᠯᠠᠨ ᠬᠠᠮᠢᠶᠠᠷᠬᠤ ᠰᠠᠯᠠᠭᠠ ᠮᠥᠴᠢᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠦᠯᠦᠨ ᠵᠥᠪᠰᠢᠶᠡᠷᠡᠭᠦᠯᠦᠭᠡᠳ᠂ ᠠᠳᠠᠯᠢ | ᠱᠠᠲᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠡᠳ᠋ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠠᠯᠠᠭᠠ ᠮᠥᠴᠢᠷ ᠪᠠ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦ ᠱᠠᠲᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠭᠤᠣᠯᠯᠠᠨ ᠬᠠᠮᠢᠶᠠᠷᠬᠤ ᠰᠠᠯᠠᠭᠠ ᠮᠥᠴᠢᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠦᠯᠦᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠴᠠᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ | ᠪᠡᠯᠡᠳᠬᠡᠨᠡ᠃ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠬᠤᠶᠢᠯᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠮᠠᠯ ᠬᠥᠷᠥᠩᠭᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠲᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠥᠮᠴᠢᠯᠡᠯᠲᠦ ᠠᠷᠠᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠳᠦᠯ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠭᠠᠷ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ | ᠬᠤᠷᠰᠢᠶᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠰᠢᠯᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠦᠨ ᠥᠭᠪᠡᠯ ᠠᠷᠠᠯᠵᠢᠶᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠴᠠᠭᠠ ᠶᠣᠰᠣᠭᠠᠷ ᠰᠢᠢᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯᠡᠵᠦ᠂ ᠵᠣᠭᠤᠰ ᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠤᠷᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠠᠪᠤᠨᠠ ᠭᠡᠪᠡ᠃ | 1973 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠡᠳ᠋ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠶᠠᠮᠤᠨ ᠤ ︽ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠮᠠᠯ ᠬᠥᠷᠥᠩᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡᠯᠡᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠭᠠᠯ︾ ᠢ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠯᠡᠨ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠮᠠᠯ | ᠬᠥᠷᠥᠩᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠢᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠶᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠮᠵᠢᠶᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠣᠷᠣᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ᠂ ᠥᠪᠡᠷᠲᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠬᠤ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠳᠡᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠬᠤᠶᠢᠯᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠴᠢ 800 | ᠲᠥᠭᠦᠷᠢᠭ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠭᠰᠢ᠂ ᠠᠶᠢᠮᠠᠭ ᠬᠤᠲᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠳᠡᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠬᠤᠶᠢᠯᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠴᠢ 500 ᠲᠥᠭᠦᠷᠢᠭ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠭᠰᠢ᠂ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤ ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠳᠡᠰ ᠤᠨ | ᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠬᠤᠶᠢᠯᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠴᠢ 200 ᠲᠥᠭᠦᠷᠢᠭ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠭᠰᠢ ᠥᠷᠲᠡᠭ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠣᠯ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠮᠠᠯ ᠬᠥᠷᠥᠩᠭᠡ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠣᠭᠠᠴᠠᠪᠠ᠃ | 1979 ᠣᠨ ᠤ 7 ᠰᠠᠷᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠡᠳ᠋ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠶᠠᠮᠤᠨ ︽ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠮᠴᠢᠯᠡᠯᠲᠦ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠬᠤᠶᠢᠯᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠮᠠᠯ ᠬᠥᠷᠥᠩᠭᠡ ᠳᠤ | ᠲᠥᠯᠥᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠶᠠᠷᠢᠯᠠᠨ ᠥᠭᠬᠦ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠲᠣᠷᠰᠢᠨ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ ᠠᠷᠭᠠ ︾ ᠶᠢ ᠪᠠᠭᠤᠯᠭᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠠᠶᠢᠮᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠳᠣᠲᠣᠷᠠᠬᠢ ᠠᠵᠤ | ᠠᠬᠤᠶᠢᠯᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠷᠣᠨᠳᠤ᠂ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠬᠤᠶᠢᠯᠠᠯ ᠪᠠ ᠪᠤᠰᠤᠳ ᠰᠠᠯᠠᠭᠠ ᠮᠥᠴᠢᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠷᠤᠨᠳᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠮᠠᠯ ᠬᠥᠷᠥᠩᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠣᠬᠢᠷᠠᠯᠴᠠᠭᠠ ᠳᠤ | ᠪᠦᠭᠦᠳᠡ ᠲᠥᠯᠥᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠶᠠᠷᠢᠯᠠᠨ ᠥᠭᠬᠦ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠪᠡ᠃ ᠬᠤᠷᠢᠶᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠪᠴᠢᠷᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠵᠣᠭᠤᠰ ᠢ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠬᠤᠶᠢᠯᠠᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠥᠯᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠥᠭᠭᠦᠨᠡ᠃ | ᠮᠥᠨ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠠᠶᠢᠮᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠳ᠋ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠣᠪᠴᠢᠶᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠠᠮᠤ ᠪᠤᠳᠠᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠬᠤᠶᠢᠯᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠮᠠᠯ ᠬᠥᠷᠥᠩᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠨ ᠡᠯᠡᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ | ᠮᠥᠩᠭᠦ ᠪᠠ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠷᠢ ᠮᠥᠩᠭᠦ ᠶᠢ ᠭᠠᠷᠭᠠᠨ ᠠᠪᠬᠤ ᠪᠠ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠠᠷᠭᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠭᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠨᠢ᠄ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠮᠠᠯ ᠬᠥᠷᠥᠩᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠨ | ᠡᠯᠡᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠷᠢ ᠮᠥᠩᠭᠦ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠰ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠮᠠᠯ ᠬᠥᠷᠥᠩᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠶᠡᠷᠥᠩᠬᠡᠢ ᠥᠷᠲᠡᠭ ᠠᠴᠠ 3% ᠪᠠᠷ ᠭᠠᠷᠭᠠᠨ ᠠᠪᠴᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠢ | ᠥᠭᠡᠷᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠵᠦ ᠤᠯᠠᠷᠢᠯ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠭᠠᠷᠭᠠᠨ ᠠᠪᠬᠤ ᠪᠤᠯᠭᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠵᠠᠷᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠳᠣᠲᠤᠷᠠ ᠪᠤᠳᠤᠨ ᠤᠷᠤᠭᠤᠯᠪᠠ᠂ ᠲᠤᠰᠠᠭᠠᠷ ᠬᠢᠨᠠᠨ ᠪᠣᠳᠣᠯᠲᠠ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠵᠦ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠ | ᠠᠮᠤ ᠲᠣᠰᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠬᠤᠶᠢᠯᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠴᠦᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠮᠠᠯ ᠬᠥᠷᠥᠩᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠶᠡᠷᠦᠩᠬᠡᠢ ᠥᠷᠲᠡᠭ ᠤᠨ 4% ᠪᠠᠷ | ᠭᠠᠷᠭᠠᠨ ᠠᠪᠴᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠢ ᠥᠭᠡᠷᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠵᠦ ᠰᠠᠷᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠪᠣᠳᠣᠵᠤ ᠭᠠᠷᠭᠠᠨ ᠠᠪᠬᠤ ᠪᠣᠯᠭᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠥᠪᠡᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠥᠷᠲᠡᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠳᠣᠲᠣᠷᠠ ᠪᠣᠳᠣᠨ ᠣᠷᠣᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ᠂ | ᠡᠯᠡᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠷᠢ ᠮᠥᠩᠭᠦ ᠶᠢᠨ 75% ᠶᠢ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠬᠤᠶᠢᠯᠠᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠦᠯᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠥᠭᠴᠦ᠂ 25% ᠶᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠭᠰᠢ ᠲᠤᠰᠢᠶᠠᠨᠠ᠃ ᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠳᠤ᠄ ᠮᠤᠵᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ | ᠳᠡᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠪᠢ 0.3%᠂ ᠠᠶᠢᠮᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠳᠡᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠪᠢ 0.4%᠂ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤ ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠳᠡᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠪᠢ 0.3% ᠭᠡᠪᠡ᠃ | 1979 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠤᠰ ᠬᠤᠲᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠨᠲᠡ ᠥᠪᠥᠷ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠵᠢᠷᠤᠭᠯᠠᠭᠳᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠮᠠᠯ ᠬᠥᠷᠥᠩᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ | ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠷᠢ ᠮᠥᠩᠭᠦ ᠭᠠᠷᠭᠠᠨ ᠠᠪᠬᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠪᠤᠯᠢᠵᠤ᠂ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠮᠠᠯ ᠬᠥᠷᠥᠩᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠶᠡᠷᠦᠩᠬᠡᠢ ᠥᠷᠲᠡᠭ ᠤᠨ 3% ᠶᠢᠨ ᠳᠣᠲᠣᠷᠠ ᠬᠢᠵᠠᠭᠠᠷᠯᠠᠨ | ᠰᠦᠢᠳᠬᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠷᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠳᠣᠲᠣᠷᠠ ᠣᠷᠣᠭᠤᠯᠪᠠ᠃ 3 000 ᠲᠥᠭᠦᠷᠢᠭ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠳᠣᠷᠣᠭᠰᠢ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠦᠢᠳᠬᠡᠯ ᠢ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤ ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠮᠤ | ᠪᠤᠳᠠᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠣᠪᠴᠢᠶᠠ ᠵᠥᠪᠰᠢᠶᠡᠷᠡᠯ ᠣᠯᠭᠤᠵᠤ᠂ 3 000 ᠲᠥᠭᠦᠷᠢᠭ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠭᠰᠢ ᠪᠣᠯ ᠠᠶᠢᠮᠠᠭ ᠲᠤ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠦᠯᠦᠨ ᠵᠥᠪᠰᠢᠶᠡᠷᠡᠭᠦᠯᠦᠨᠡ ᠭᠡᠵᠡᠢ᠃ | 1979 ᠣᠨ ᠤ 10 ᠰᠠᠷᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠡᠳ᠋ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠶᠠᠮᠤᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠬᠤᠶᠢᠯᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠮᠠᠯ ᠬᠥᠷᠥᠩᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡᠯᠡᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠷᠢ ᠮᠥᠩᠭᠦ ᠶᠢ | ᠦᠯᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠴᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠴᠢᠯᠦᠭᠡᠲᠡᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠭᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠬᠤᠶᠢᠯᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠮᠠᠯ ᠬᠥᠷᠥᠩᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠤᠤᠯ ᠥᠷᠲᠡᠭ ᠨᠢ 100 | ᠲᠦᠮᠡᠨ ᠲᠥᠭᠦᠷᠢᠭ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠳᠣᠷᠣᠭᠰᠢ ᠯᠡ ᠶᠤᠮ ᠪᠣᠯ ᠭᠠᠷᠭᠠᠨ ᠠᠪᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠡᠯᠡᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠷᠢ ᠮᠥᠩᠭᠦ ᠶᠢ ᠪᠦᠬᠦᠨ ᠢ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠬᠤᠶᠢᠯᠠᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠦᠯᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ | ᠥᠭᠴᠦ᠂ ᠰᠢᠨᠡ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ᠂ ᠥᠷᠭᠡᠳᠬᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠲᠣᠮᠣ ᠳᠤᠮᠳᠠ ᠬᠡᠯᠪᠡᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠬᠤᠶᠢᠯᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠠᠰᠤᠭ ᠪᠠ | ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠶᠠᠷᠢ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠪᠠᠭᠲᠠᠭᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠰᠢᠨᠡ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯᠡᠯ ᠡᠬᠢᠯᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠬᠤᠶᠢᠯᠠᠯ ᠨᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠ ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠠᠨ | ᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠳᠣᠲᠣᠷᠠ 20% ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡᠯᠡᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠷᠢ ᠮᠥᠩᠭᠦ ᠶᠢ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠬᠤᠶᠢᠯᠠᠯ ᠦᠯᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠠᠪᠴᠤ᠂ 80% ᠶᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠡᠳ᠋ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ ᠲᠤ ᠲᠤᠰᠢᠶᠠᠨᠠ | ᠭᠡᠵᠡᠢ᠃ | 1984 ᠣᠨ ᠤ 5 ᠰᠠᠷᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠥᠷᠥ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠷᠢᠶᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ︽ᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠬᠤᠶᠢᠯᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠥᠪᠡᠷ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠡᠵᠡᠨ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠬᠦ ᠡᠷᠬᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠭᠰᠢᠲᠠ | ᠥᠷᠭᠡᠳᠬᠡᠬᠦ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠲᠦᠷ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ ᠲᠤᠭᠲᠠᠭᠠᠯ︾ ᠢ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠯᠡᠨ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠬᠤᠶᠢᠯᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠥᠭᠵᠢᠯᠲᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠷᠢ ᠮᠥᠩᠭᠦ᠂ | ᠰᠢᠨᠡ ᠪᠦᠲᠦᠭᠡᠭᠳᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠣᠷᠰᠢᠯᠲᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠷᠢ ᠮᠥᠩᠭᠦ ᠪᠠ ᠪᠡᠯᠡᠳᠬᠡᠯ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠷᠢ ᠮᠥᠩᠭᠦ ᠶᠢ ᠡᠯᠡᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠷᠢ ᠮᠥᠩᠭᠦ᠂ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠷᠢ | ᠮᠥᠩᠭᠦ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠤᠶᠠᠯᠳᠤᠭᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠳᠦᠯᠲᠡᠢ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠵᠦ᠂ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠬᠤᠶᠢᠯᠠᠯ ᠨᠢ ᠢᠯᠡᠭᠦᠴᠡ ᠰᠤᠯᠠ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠮᠠᠯ ᠬᠥᠷᠥᠩᠭᠡ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠲᠦᠷᠢᠶᠡᠰᠦᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠪᠠ | ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠭᠠᠴᠢᠯᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠡᠷᠬᠡ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠵᠠᠢ᠂ ᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠣᠯᠣᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠣᠷᠣᠯᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠮᠡᠷᠭᠡᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠥᠭᠡᠷᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠯᠲᠡ ᠪᠠ ᠲᠥᠬᠦᠭᠡᠷᠦᠮᠵᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠢᠨᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠯᠲᠡ ᠳᠤ | ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠪᠣᠯᠪᠠ᠃ ᠪᠠᠰᠠ 1985 ᠣᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠡᠬᠢᠯᠡᠵᠦ ᠤᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠲᠥᠪᠯᠡᠷᠡᠭᠦᠯᠦᠨ ᠬᠤᠷᠢᠶᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠬᠤᠶᠢᠯᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ | 30% ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡᠯᠡᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠷᠢ ᠮᠥᠩᠭᠦ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠤᠶᠢᠰᠢᠲᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠲᠥᠪ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠳ᠋ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ ᠲᠤ ᠲᠤᠰᠢᠶᠠᠬᠤ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ᠂ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠪᠠ ᠭᠤᠣᠯᠯᠠᠨ | ᠬᠠᠮᠢᠶᠠᠷᠬᠤ ᠰᠠᠯᠠᠭᠠ ᠮᠥᠴᠢᠷ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠴᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠮᠥᠷᠲᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠡᠬᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠠᠯᠢᠭ᠂ ᠵᠠᠮ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠯᠴᠠᠭᠠ᠂ ᠭᠤᠣᠯᠳᠠᠯᠭᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠦᠲᠦᠭᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠯᠲᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ | ᠪᠡᠯᠡ ᠮᠥᠩᠭᠦ ᠬᠤᠷᠢᠶᠠᠬᠤ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠭᠠᠪᠠ᠃ | 1985 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠥᠪᠥᠷ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠥᠪᠡᠷᠲᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠬᠤ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠡᠳ᠋ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠢᠩᠬᠢᠮ ᠠᠴᠠ᠂ ᠠᠶᠢᠮᠠᠭ ᠬᠤᠲᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠱᠠᠲᠤᠨ ᠤ | ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠮᠠᠯ ᠬᠥᠷᠥᠩᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠤᠤᠯ ᠥᠷᠲᠡᠭ ᠨᠢ 100 ᠲᠦᠮᠡᠨ ᠲᠥᠭᠦᠷᠢᠭ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠭᠰᠢ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠵᠠᠮ | ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠯᠴᠠᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠬᠤᠶᠢᠯᠠᠯ ᠭᠠᠷᠭᠠᠨ ᠠᠪᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠡᠯᠡᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠷᠢ ᠮᠥᠩᠭᠦᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠠᠨ 70% ᠶᠢ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠬᠤᠶᠢᠯᠠᠯ ᠥᠪᠡᠷᠲᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠦᠯᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ | ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠵᠦ᠂ ᠦᠯᠡᠳᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ 30% ᠶᠢᠨ ᠳᠣᠲᠣᠷᠠ ᠠᠴᠠ 20% ᠶᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠥᠪᠡᠷᠲᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠬᠤ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠲᠦᠯᠲᠡᠢ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠴᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠵᠦ᠂ | 10% ᠶᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠤᠲᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡᠳ᠋ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠴᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠨᠡ ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠲᠤᠭᠲᠠᠭᠠᠪᠠ᠃ | 1989 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠳ᠋ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠶᠠᠮᠤᠨ ᠤ ︽ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠷᠠᠯᠵᠢᠶᠠ ᠬᠤᠳᠠᠯᠳᠤᠭᠠ ᠮᠥᠩᠭᠦᠨ ᠭᠦᠢᠯᠭᠡᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠵᠤ | ᠠᠬᠤᠶᠢᠯᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠮᠠᠯ ᠬᠥᠷᠥᠩᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡᠯᠡᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠢ ᠪᠣᠳᠣᠬᠤ ᠠᠷᠭᠠ︾ ᠶᠢ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠯᠡᠵᠦ᠂ 1989 ᠣᠨ ᠤ 1 ᠰᠠᠷᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ 1 ᠤ ᠡᠳᠦᠷ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠡᠬᠢᠯᠡᠨ | ᠲᠤᠰᠠᠭᠠᠷ ᠬᠢᠨᠠᠨ ᠪᠣᠳᠣᠯᠲᠠ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠵᠦ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠ ᠠᠯᠢᠪᠠ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠳᠠᠯᠳᠤᠭᠠ᠂ ᠠᠮᠤ ᠪᠤᠳᠠᠭᠠ᠂ ᠭᠠᠳᠠᠭᠠᠳᠤ ᠠᠷᠠᠯᠵᠢᠶᠠ᠂ ᠮᠥᠩᠭᠦᠨ ᠭᠦᠢᠯᠭᠡᠭᠡ᠂ | ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠳᠬᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠰ ᠲᠤ ᠶᠡᠷᠦᠩᠬᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠡᠯᠡᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠪᠣᠳᠣᠬᠤ ᠠᠷᠭᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠶᠢ ᠵᠣᠭᠰᠣᠵᠤ᠂ ᠲᠥᠷᠥ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠷᠢᠶᠠ ᠠᠴᠠ | ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠭᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ︽ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠮᠠᠯ ᠬᠥᠷᠥᠩᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡᠯᠡᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠣᠷᠰᠢᠨ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠳᠦᠷᠢᠮ︾ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠭᠠᠯ ᠶᠣᠰᠣᠭᠠᠷ ᠵᠦᠢᠯ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠡᠯᠡᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠪᠣᠳᠣᠬᠤ ᠶᠢ | ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠦᠨ᠂ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠮᠠᠯ ᠬᠥᠷᠥᠩᠭᠡ ᠪᠠ ᠡᠯᠡᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠷᠢ ᠮᠥᠩᠭᠦ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠠᠮᠢᠶᠠᠷᠤᠯᠲᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠭᠤᠴᠠᠯᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠳᠦᠷᠢᠮ ᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠨ | ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠯᠳᠡᠷᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠵᠦ᠂ ᠬᠤᠳᠠᠯᠳᠤᠭᠠ᠂ ᠠᠮᠤ ᠪᠤᠳᠠᠭᠠ᠂ ᠭᠠᠳᠠᠭᠠᠳᠤ ᠠᠷᠠᠯᠵᠢᠶᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠬᠤᠶᠢᠯᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠴᠢ ᠥᠷᠲᠡᠭ ᠨᠢ 800 ᠲᠦᠭᠦᠷᠢᠭ ᠠᠴᠠ | ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠭᠰᠢ᠂ ᠮᠥᠩᠭᠦᠨ ᠭᠦᠢᠯᠭᠡᠭᠡ᠂ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠳᠬᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠴᠢ ᠥᠷᠲᠡᠭ ᠨᠢ 500 ᠲᠥᠭᠦᠷᠢᠭ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠭᠰᠢ᠂ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠢᠵᠠᠭᠠᠷ ᠨᠢ | ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠭᠰᠢ ᠭᠡᠷ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠯᠭᠠ ᠪᠠ ᠡᠯᠡ ᠵᠦᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠦᠬᠦᠭᠡᠷᠦᠮᠵᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠴᠥᠮ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠮᠠᠯ ᠬᠥᠷᠥᠩᠭᠡ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠣᠭᠠᠴᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠰᠢᠷᠤᠢ ᠪᠠ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨ | ᠳᠠᠬᠢᠨ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠬᠢᠵᠦ ᠪᠦᠬᠦᠯᠢ ᠳᠤᠨᠢ ᠰᠢᠨᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠮᠠᠯ ᠬᠥᠷᠥᠩᠭᠡ ᠪᠠ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ᠂ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠴᠡᠭᠡ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠲᠥᠬᠦᠭᠡᠷᠦᠮᠵᠢ᠂ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠯᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ | ᠢᠨᠵᠧᠨᠧᠷᠢᠩ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠥᠷᠥᠯ ᠵᠦᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠣᠷᠰᠢᠨ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠮᠠᠯ ᠬᠥᠷᠥᠩᠭᠡ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠴᠥᠮ ᠡᠯᠡᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠭᠠᠷᠭᠠᠨ ᠠᠪᠬᠤ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ᠃ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠰ ᠵᠣᠭᠰᠣᠭᠰᠠᠨ᠂ | ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠵᠣᠭᠰᠣᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠡᠯᠡ ᠵᠦᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠥᠬᠦᠭᠡᠷᠦᠮᠵᠢ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠰ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠡᠯᠡᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠭᠠᠷᠭᠠᠨ ᠠᠪᠤᠨᠠ᠃ ᠳᠠᠩᠰᠠᠨ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠨᠲᠡ ᠡᠯᠡᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠭᠦᠢᠴᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠣᠯ | ᠳᠠᠬᠢᠵᠤ ᠡᠯᠡᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠭᠠᠷᠭᠠᠨ ᠠᠪᠬᠤ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ᠃ ᠰᠢᠨᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠵᠦ ᠥᠭᠡᠷᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠬᠤᠴᠣᠷᠣᠩᠭᠤᠢ ᠲᠥᠬᠦᠭᠡᠷᠦᠮᠵᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠭᠤᠣᠯᠯᠠᠨ ᠬᠠᠮᠢᠶᠠᠷᠴᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠ ᠰᠠᠯᠠᠭᠠ | ᠮᠥᠴᠢᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠦᠯᠵᠦ᠂ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠬᠠᠰᠤᠨ᠂ ᠡᠯᠡᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠭᠦᠢᠴᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦᠢ ᠪᠣᠯ ᠨᠥᠬᠦᠵᠦ ᠪᠣᠯᠣᠨᠠ᠃ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠬᠤᠶᠢᠯᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠮᠢᠶᠠᠷᠤᠯᠲᠠ ᠮᠠᠭᠤ ᠠᠴᠠ | ᠪᠣᠯᠵᠤ ᠲᠥᠬᠦᠭᠡᠷᠦᠮᠵᠢ ᠤᠷᠢᠳᠴᠢᠯᠠᠨ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠭᠠᠷᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠣᠯ᠂ ᠭᠦᠢᠴᠡᠳ ᠭᠠᠷᠭᠠᠨ ᠠᠪᠤᠭᠠᠳᠤᠢ ᠡᠯᠡᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠢ ᠨᠥᠬᠦᠬᠦ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠭᠡᠵᠡᠢ᠃ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡᠬᠢ | ᠪᠤᠳᠠᠲᠠᠢ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠭᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠵᠠᠮ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠯᠴᠠᠭᠠ ᠡᠳ᠋ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ ᠠᠷᠠᠯᠵᠢᠶᠠ ᠮᠥᠩᠭᠦᠨ ᠭᠦᠢᠯᠭᠡᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠵᠤ | ᠠᠬᠤᠶᠢᠯᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠮᠠᠯ ᠬᠥᠷᠥᠩᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠠᠮᠢᠶᠠᠷᠤᠯᠲᠠ ᠴᠢᠩᠭᠠᠳᠠᠪᠠ᠃ | ᠡᠷᠭᠢᠯᠲᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠡᠯᠡ ᠮᠥᠩᠭᠦ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠠᠮᠢᠶᠠᠷᠤᠯᠲᠠ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠡᠬᠢᠨ ᠪᠠ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠠᠷᠠᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠬᠤᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠦᠯᠲᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ | ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠴᠠᠭᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠠᠩ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠬᠤᠶᠢᠯᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠰᠡᠬᠦ ᠡᠷᠭᠢᠯᠲᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠡᠯᠡ ᠮᠥᠩᠭᠦ ᠶᠢ ᠪᠠᠩᠬᠢ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠬᠡᠰᠡᠭ | ᠵᠢᠭᠡᠯᠡᠭᠦᠯᠵᠦ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠭᠠᠳᠠᠨᠠ ᠡᠯᠡ ᠱᠠᠲᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠡᠳ᠋ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠥᠯᠥᠪᠯᠡᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠰᠢᠭ ᠣᠷᠣᠯᠭᠠ ᠪᠠ ᠢᠯᠡᠭᠦᠴᠡ ᠡᠷᠭᠢᠯᠲᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ | ᠮᠥᠩᠭᠦᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠴᠠᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ᠂ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠬᠤᠶᠢᠯᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠢᠯᠡᠭᠦᠴᠡ ᠡᠷᠭᠢᠯᠲᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠡᠯᠡ ᠮᠥᠩᠭᠦ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠡᠳ᠋ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ ᠲᠤ ᠲᠤᠰᠢᠶᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠪᠠ᠃ ᠡᠯᠡ ᠠᠵᠤ | ᠠᠬᠤᠶᠢᠯᠠᠯ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠬᠢᠨᠠᠨ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠭᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠡᠷᠭᠢᠯᠲᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠡᠯᠡ ᠮᠥᠩᠭᠦ ᠶᠢ ᠡᠳ᠋ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ ᠪᠠ ᠪᠠᠩᠬᠢ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠲᠤᠰ ᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠣᠯᠭᠤᠵᠤ᠂ ᠠᠵᠤ | ᠠᠬᠤᠶᠢᠯᠠᠯ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠷᠣᠨᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠪᠡᠯᠡ ᠮᠥᠩᠭᠦ ᠢᠯᠡᠭᠦᠦ ᠭᠠᠷᠬᠤ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠳᠤᠲᠠᠪᠠᠯ ᠡᠯᠡ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠬᠤᠶᠢᠯᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠤᠣᠯᠯᠠᠨ ᠬᠠᠮᠢᠶᠠᠷᠬᠤ ᠰᠠᠯᠠᠭᠠ ᠮᠥᠴᠢᠷ ᠠᠴᠠ | ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠲᠥᠷᠥᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠳᠣᠲᠣᠭᠠᠳᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠴᠠᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ᠂ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠴᠠᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠳᠡᠶᠢᠯᠬᠦ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠪᠣᠯ ᠲᠤᠰ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠬᠤᠶᠢᠯᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠥᠯᠥᠪᠯᠡᠭᠡ ᠪᠠᠨ | ᠳᠠᠪᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠠᠰᠢᠭ ᠣᠷᠣᠯᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠳᠣᠲᠣᠷᠠ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠨᠥᠬᠦᠵᠦ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠪᠠ᠃ | 1955 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠡᠳ᠋ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠶᠠᠮᠤᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠠᠷᠠᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠩᠬᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠲᠣᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠵᠢᠭᠡᠯᠡᠯᠭᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠠᠰᠤᠵᠤ᠂ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠬᠤᠶᠢᠯᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ | ᠡᠷᠭᠢᠯᠲᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠡᠯᠡ ᠮᠥᠩᠭᠦ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠥᠯᠥᠪᠯᠡᠭᠡ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠡᠯᠡ ᠮᠥᠩᠭᠦ ᠶᠢ ᠡᠳ᠋ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠣᠯᠭᠤᠬᠤ ᠪᠣᠯᠪᠠ᠃ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠬᠤᠶᠢᠯᠠᠯ ᠨᠢ ᠣᠨᠴᠠᠭᠠᠢ | ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠤᠴᠠᠷᠠᠵᠤ ᠡᠷᠭᠢᠯᠲᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠡᠯᠡ ᠮᠥᠩᠭᠦ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠲᠡᠢ ᠪᠣᠯ ᠠᠷᠠᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠩᠬᠢ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠵᠢᠭᠡᠯᠡᠯᠭᠡ ᠣᠯᠭᠤᠬᠤ ᠪᠣᠯᠵᠠᠢ᠃ | 1956 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠳᠤᠮᠳᠠᠳᠤ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠷᠠᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠩᠬᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠣᠬᠤᠷ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠵᠢᠭᠡᠯᠡᠯᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ | ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠠᠷᠭᠠ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠬᠠᠮᠢᠶᠠ ᠪᠦᠬᠦᠢ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠭᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠯᠡᠨ᠂ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠠᠩ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠬᠤᠶᠢᠯᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠤᠳᠠᠲᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ | ᠤᠶᠠᠯᠳᠤᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ᠂ ᠠᠶᠢᠮᠠᠭ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠪᠤᠳᠠᠲᠠᠢ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠭᠠᠯ ᠭᠠᠷᠭᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠬᠤᠶᠢᠯᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠷᠭᠢᠯᠲᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠮᠥᠩᠭᠦ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠴᠢᠮ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠴᠡᠭᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠪᠠᠲᠤᠯᠠᠪᠠ᠃ | 1959 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠬᠤᠶᠢᠯᠠᠯ ᠡᠷᠭᠢᠯᠲᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠡᠯᠡ ᠮᠥᠩᠭᠦ ᠪᠠ ᠲᠤᠰᠢᠶᠠᠬᠤ ᠶᠣᠰᠣᠲᠠᠢ ᠠᠰᠢᠭ ᠣᠷᠣᠯᠭᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠡᠵᠡᠯᠡᠨ᠂ | ᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠬᠤᠶᠢᠯᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠷᠭᠢᠯᠲᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠡᠯᠡ ᠮᠥᠩᠭᠦ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠡᠪ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠭᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠨᠤᠴᠢᠲᠠᠢ ᠨᠥᠯᠥᠭᠡᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠴᠢᠭᠯᠡᠭᠦᠯᠦᠨ᠂ ᠠᠶᠢᠮᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ | ᠵᠠᠬᠢᠷᠭᠠ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠭᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠨᠢ᠄ 1. ᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠬᠤᠶᠢᠯᠠᠯ ᠨᠢ ᠥᠪᠡᠷᠲᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠡᠷᠭᠢᠯᠲᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠡᠯᠡ ᠮᠥᠩᠭᠦ ᠪᠠ ᠲᠣᠰᠢᠶᠠᠬᠤ ᠶᠣᠰᠣᠲᠠᠢ ᠠᠰᠢᠭ ᠣᠷᠣᠯᠭᠠ ᠶᠢ | ᠡᠵᠡᠯᠡᠨ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ᠃ 2. ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠷᠭᠢᠯᠲᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠡᠯᠡ ᠮᠥᠩᠭᠦ ᠂ ᠥᠪᠡᠷ ᠢ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠵᠡᠪᠰᠡᠭᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠡᠯᠡᠳᠬᠡᠯ ᠲᠥᠬᠦᠭᠡᠷᠦᠮᠵᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠴᠡᠪᠡᠷᠯᠡᠨ | ᠴᠡᠭᠴᠡᠯᠡᠵᠦ᠂ ᠳᠠᠭᠤᠳᠠᠯᠭᠠ ᠬᠤᠳᠠᠯᠳᠤᠭᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠣᠷᠣᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠲᠡᠢ᠃ 3. ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠷᠰᠢ ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠮᠳᠤᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠲᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠮᠳᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ | ᠮᠥᠩᠭᠦ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠷᠭᠢᠯᠲᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠡᠯᠡ ᠮᠥᠩᠭᠦ ᠶᠢ ᠲᠥᠯᠥᠵᠦ ᠪᠣᠯᠣᠨᠠ᠃ 4. ᠡᠯᠡ ᠱᠠᠲᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠡᠳ᠋ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ ᠪᠠ ᠠᠷᠠᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠩᠬᠢ ᠨᠢ | ᠬᠢᠨᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠴᠢᠩᠭᠠᠳᠬᠠᠬᠤ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠲᠡᠢ ᠭᠡᠵᠡᠢ᠃ ᠮᠥᠨ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ 11 ᠰᠠᠷᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠠᠶᠢᠮᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠬᠢᠷᠭᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠪᠠᠰᠠ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠪᠠᠭᠤᠯᠭᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠡᠯᠡ ᠠᠵᠤ | ᠠᠬᠤᠶᠢᠯᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠵᠡᠯᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠩᠬᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠵᠢᠭᠡᠯᠡᠯᠭᠡ ᠪᠠ ᠡᠳ᠋ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠡᠯᠡ ᠮᠥᠩᠭᠦ ᠳᠤ ᠱᠠᠲᠤ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠭᠤᠴᠠᠵᠤ ᠰᠢᠢᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠵᠠᠷᠴᠢᠮ ᠢ | ᠠᠪᠤᠪᠠ᠃ ᠳᠠᠷᠤᠢ᠄ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠬᠤᠶᠢᠯᠠᠯ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠬᠡᠰᠡᠭ ᠢ ᠡᠭᠦᠷᠭᠡᠯᠡᠵᠦ᠂ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤ ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠨ ︵ᠬᠤᠲᠠ︶ ᠤ ᠡᠳ᠋ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠬᠡᠰᠡᠭ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠪᠦᠬᠦᠨ ᠢ | ᠡᠭᠦᠷᠭᠡᠯᠡᠵᠦ᠂ ᠠᠶᠢᠮᠠᠭ ᠬᠤᠲᠠ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠪᠠᠰᠠ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠰᠲᠠᠢ ᠨᠥᠬᠦᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠣᠯᠭᠤᠨᠠ ᠭᠡᠵᠡᠢ᠃ | 1963 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠳ᠋ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠶᠠᠮᠤᠨ᠂ ᠳᠤᠮᠳᠠᠳᠤ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠷᠠᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠩᠬᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠶᠡᠷᠦᠩᠬᠡᠢ ᠪᠠᠩᠬᠢ ︽1964 ᠣᠨ ᠤ | ᠠᠵᠤ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠵᠠᠮ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠯᠴᠠᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠬᠤᠶᠢᠯᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠷᠭᠢᠯᠲᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠡᠯᠡ ᠮᠥᠩᠭᠦ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠠᠮᠢᠶᠠᠷᠤᠯᠲᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠢ ᠴᠢᠩᠭᠠᠳᠬᠠᠬᠤ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ | ᠬᠡᠳᠦᠨ ᠵᠦᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠷᠭᠠ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠡ︾ ᠶᠢ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠲᠡᠯᠡᠵᠦ᠂ ᠪᠦᠬᠦ ᠠᠶᠢᠮᠠᠭ ᠲᠤ ᠬᠥᠷᠥᠩᠭᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠴᠡᠪᠡᠷᠯᠡᠨ ᠪᠡᠯᠡ ᠮᠥᠩᠭᠦ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠢᠨᠠᠨ ᠬᠠᠷᠭᠤᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ | ᠥᠷᠨᠢᠭᠦᠯᠵᠦ᠂ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠬᠤᠶᠢᠯᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠡᠯᠡ ᠮᠥᠩᠭᠦ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠠᠮᠢᠶᠠᠷᠤᠯᠲᠠ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠴᠢᠩᠭᠠᠳᠬᠠᠬᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠱᠠᠭᠠᠷᠳᠠᠨ᠂ ᠪᠡᠯᠡ ᠮᠥᠩᠭᠦ ᠳᠠᠷᠤᠭᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠠ ᠡᠳ᠋ ᠪᠤᠳᠠᠰ | ᠬᠤᠬᠢᠷᠠᠬᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠵᠦ᠂ ᠪᠡᠯᠡ ᠮᠥᠩᠭᠦ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠠᠮᠢᠶᠠᠷᠤᠯᠲᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠳᠦᠷᠢᠮ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠪᠠ᠃ 1976 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠮᠴᠢᠯᠡᠯᠲᠦ ᠠᠵᠤ | ᠠᠬᠤᠶᠢᠯᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠭᠲᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠲᠣᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠡᠷᠭᠢᠯᠲᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠡᠯᠡ ᠮᠥᠩᠭᠦ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠳᠦᠷᠢᠮ ᠢ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠵᠦ᠂ ᠡᠳ᠋ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠠᠯᠠᠭᠠ ᠮᠥᠴᠢᠷ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠣᠯᠭᠤᠵᠤ | ᠂ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠲᠤᠭᠠ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠬᠡᠲᠦᠷᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠪᠠᠩᠬᠢ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠵᠢᠭᠡᠯᠡᠯᠭᠡ ᠥᠭᠪᠡ᠃ | 1980 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠮᠴᠢᠯᠡᠯᠲᠦ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠬᠤᠶᠢᠯᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠥᠷᠥᠩᠭᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠴᠡᠪᠡᠷᠯᠡᠨ ᠪᠡᠯᠡ ᠮᠥᠩᠭᠦ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠢᠨᠠᠨ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠭᠠᠵᠤ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ | ᠲᠣᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠵᠢᠭᠡᠯᠡᠯᠭᠡ ᠥᠭᠬᠦ ᠪᠠ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠡᠷᠭᠢᠯᠲᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠡᠯᠡ ᠮᠥᠩᠭᠦ ᠣᠯᠭᠤᠵᠤ ᠲᠥᠯᠥᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠪᠡ᠃ ᠠᠵᠤ | ᠠᠬᠤᠶᠢᠯᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠥᠷᠥᠩᠭᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠴᠡᠪᠡᠷᠯᠡᠨ ᠪᠡᠯᠡ ᠮᠥᠩᠭᠦ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠢᠨᠠᠨ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠭᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠥᠪᠡᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠡᠯᠡ ᠮᠥᠩᠭᠦ᠂ ᠬᠦᠷᠦᠯᠴᠡᠬᠦ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠬᠡᠰᠡᠭ ᠢ ᠲᠤᠭᠠ | ᠨᠣᠷᠮᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠡᠪᠴᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠢᠵᠠᠭᠠᠷᠯᠠᠨ᠂ ᠡᠳ᠋ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ ᠪᠠᠩᠬᠢ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠤᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠲᠣᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠵᠢᠭᠡᠯᠡᠯᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠳᠣᠲᠣᠷᠠ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠠᠵᠤ | ᠠᠬᠤᠶᠢᠯᠠᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠰᠢᠯᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠦᠨ ᠥᠭᠴᠦ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠲᠣᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠵᠢᠭᠡᠯᠡᠯᠭᠡ ᠪᠣᠯᠭᠠᠪᠠ᠃ | 1983 ᠣᠨ ᠤ 7 ᠰᠠᠷᠠ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠡᠬᠢᠯᠡᠵᠦ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠮᠴᠢᠯᠡᠯᠲᠦ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠬᠤᠶᠢᠯᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠷᠭᠢᠯᠲᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠡᠯᠡ ᠮᠥᠩᠭᠦ ᠶᠢ ᠠᠷᠠᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠩᠬᠢ ᠠᠴᠠ | ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠲᠦᠯᠲᠡᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠢᠶᠠᠷᠴᠦ᠂ ᠤᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠳ᠋ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠠᠯᠠᠭᠠ ᠮᠥᠴᠢᠷ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠬᠤᠶᠢᠯᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠤᠣᠯᠯᠠᠨ ᠬᠠᠮᠢᠶᠠᠷᠬᠤ ᠰᠠᠯᠠᠭᠠ ᠮᠥᠴᠢᠷ ᠪᠠ ᠠᠵᠤ | ᠠᠬᠤᠶᠢᠯᠠᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠥᠭᠴᠦ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠥᠪᠡᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠷᠭᠢᠯᠲᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠡᠯᠡ ᠮᠥᠩᠭᠦ ᠶᠢ ᠮᠥᠨ ᠯᠡ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠬᠤᠶᠢᠯᠠᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠦᠯᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠥᠭᠪᠡ᠃ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠬᠤᠶᠢᠯᠠᠯ ᠨᠢ | ᠡᠷᠭᠢᠯᠲᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠡᠯᠡ ᠮᠥᠩᠭᠦ ᠨᠡᠮᠡᠭᠳᠡᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ ᠴᠢᠬᠤᠯᠠᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠣᠯ ᠪᠠᠩᠬᠢ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠵᠢᠭᠡᠯᠡᠯᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠡᠯᠪᠡᠷᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠬᠠᠩᠭᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠡᠳ᠋ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠠᠯᠠᠭᠠ ᠮᠥᠴᠢᠷ ᠨᠢ | ᠳᠠᠬᠢᠨ ᠡᠷᠭᠢᠯᠲᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠡᠯᠡ ᠮᠥᠩᠭᠦ ᠨᠡᠮᠡᠵᠦ ᠥᠭᠬᠦ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠵᠠᠢ᠃ | ᠥᠪᠡᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠥᠷᠲᠡᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠮᠢᠶᠠᠷᠤᠯᠲᠠ ᠭᠤᠣᠯᠳᠠᠭᠤ ᠥᠪᠡᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠥᠷᠲᠡᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠡᠭᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠬᠥᠭᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ ᠬᠡᠪᠴᠢᠶᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠭᠠᠬᠤ᠂ ᠥᠪᠡᠷ ᠤᠨ | ᠥᠷᠲᠡᠭ ᠢ ᠬᠢᠨᠠᠨ ᠪᠣᠳᠣᠬᠤ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠲᠦᠯᠲᠡᠢ ᠳᠦᠷᠢᠮ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠭᠠᠬᠤ᠂ ᠥᠪᠡᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠥᠷᠲᠡᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠢᠨᠠᠨ ᠪᠣᠳᠣᠯᠲᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠵᠠᠳᠠᠯᠵᠤ ᠬᠢᠨᠠᠨ ᠰᠢᠯᠭᠠᠬᠤ᠂ ᠠᠵᠤ | ᠠᠬᠤᠶᠢᠯᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠬᠠᠪᠰᠤᠷᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠮᠢᠶᠠᠷᠤᠯᠲᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠢᠷᠢ ᠲᠦᠪᠰᠢᠨ ᠢ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠭᠰᠢᠯᠡᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ ᠪᠠ ᠥᠪᠡᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠥᠷᠲᠡᠭ ᠢ ᠪᠠᠭᠤᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠪᠣᠯᠣᠨᠠ᠃ | 1953 ᠣᠨ ᠤ 1 ᠰᠠᠷᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠡᠳ᠋ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠶᠠᠮᠤᠨ ︽ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠬᠤᠶᠢᠯᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠥᠪᠡᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠥᠷᠲᠡᠭ ᠢ | ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠳᠦᠯᠲᠡᠢ ᠪᠣᠳᠣᠬᠤ ᠳᠦᠷᠢᠮ︾ ᠢ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠲᠡᠯᠡᠵᠦ᠂ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠬᠤᠶᠢᠯᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠥᠪᠡᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠥᠷᠲᠡᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠥᠷᠥᠯ ᠵᠦᠢᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠦᠭᠦᠬᠡᠢ ᠡᠳ᠋ | ᠪᠠ ᠭᠤᠣᠯ ᠮᠠᠲ᠋ᠧᠷᠢᠶᠠᠯ᠂ ᠲᠤᠰᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠮᠠᠲ᠋ᠧᠷᠢᠶᠠᠯ᠂ ᠤᠷᠠᠯᠠᠯ ᠮᠡᠷᠭᠡᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠴᠠ ᠳᠠᠬᠢ ᠰᠢᠲᠠᠭᠠᠯᠭᠠ᠂ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠬᠦᠴᠦ᠂ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ | ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠴᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠴᠠᠯᠢᠩ ᠪᠠ ᠨᠡᠮᠡᠯᠲᠡ ᠴᠠᠯᠢᠩ᠂ ᠰᠢᠨᠡ ᠪᠦᠲᠦᠭᠡᠭᠳᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠲᠣᠷᠰᠢᠨ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠬᠦ ᠰᠦᠢᠳᠬᠡᠯ᠂ ᠭᠤᠯᠣᠭᠳᠠᠯ ᠪᠦᠲᠦᠭᠡᠭᠳᠡᠬᠦᠨ ᠤ ᠰᠦᠢᠳᠦᠯ᠂ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ | ᠵᠣᠭᠰᠣᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠰᠦᠢᠳᠦᠯ᠂ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠠᠰᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠦᠢᠳᠬᠡᠯ᠂ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠬᠤᠶᠢᠯᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠮᠢᠶᠠᠷᠤᠯᠲᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠦᠢᠳᠬᠡᠯ ᠪᠠᠭᠲᠠᠨᠠ ᠭᠡᠵᠡᠢ᠃ | ᠮᠥᠨ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠲᠤᠰ ᠠᠶᠢᠮᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠬᠤᠶᠢᠯᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠥᠪᠡᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠥᠷᠲᠡᠭ ᠲᠤ ᠪᠣᠳᠣᠵᠤ ᠣᠷᠣᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ | ᠨᠡᠮᠡᠯᠲᠡ ᠴᠠᠯᠢᠩ ᠤᠨ ᠳᠣᠲᠣᠷᠠ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠭᠠᠯ ᠶᠣᠰᠣᠭᠠᠷ ᠭᠠᠷᠭᠠᠨ ᠠᠪᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠲᠥᠷᠥᠯ ᠵᠦᠢᠯ ᠪᠠ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠴᠠᠯ ᠨᠢ ᠳᠣᠣᠷᠠᠬᠢ ᠮᠡᠲᠦ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠪᠠ᠄ ᠴᠠᠯᠢᠩ ᠤᠨ ᠶᠡᠷᠦᠩᠬᠡᠢ | ᠲᠤᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ 3% ᠪᠠᠷ ᠬᠦᠳᠡᠯᠮᠦᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠳᠬᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠮᠥᠩᠭᠦ ᠭᠠᠷᠭᠠᠨ ᠠᠪᠤᠨᠠ᠃ 2% ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠴᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠡᠪᠯᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠦᠢᠳᠬᠡᠯ ᠭᠠᠷᠭᠠᠨ ᠠᠪᠤᠨᠠ᠃ | 3.24% ᠪᠠᠷ ᠬᠦᠳᠡᠯᠮᠦᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠳᠬᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠦᠢᠳᠬᠡᠯ ᠭᠠᠷᠭᠠᠨ ᠠᠪᠤᠨᠠ᠃ 5% — 7% ᠪᠠᠷ ᠡᠮ ᠡᠮᠨᠡᠯᠭᠡ ᠡᠷᠡᠭᠦᠯ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ | ᠨᠥᠬᠦᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠦᠢᠳᠬᠡᠯ ᠭᠠᠷᠭᠠᠨ ᠠᠪᠤᠨᠠ᠃ 2.5% ᠪᠠᠷ ᠠᠰᠠᠷᠠᠮᠵᠢ ᠨᠥᠬᠦᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠷᠢ ᠮᠥᠩᠭᠦ ᠭᠠᠷᠭᠠᠨ ᠠᠪᠤᠨᠠ᠃ | 1957 ᠣᠨ ᠤ 3 ᠰᠠᠷᠠ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠡᠬᠢᠯᠡᠵᠦ ᠬᠦᠨᠳᠦ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢ᠂ ᠣᠢ ᠰᠢᠭᠤᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢ᠂ ᠬᠥᠩᠭᠡᠨ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢ᠂ | ᠨᠡᠬᠡᠮᠡᠯ᠂ ᠵᠠᠮ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠯᠴᠠᠭᠠ᠂ ᠰᠢᠤᠳᠠᠨ᠂ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠯᠭᠠ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠰᠠᠯᠠᠭᠠ ᠮᠥᠴᠢᠷ ᠲᠤᠰ ᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠴᠠᠯᠢᠩ ᠤᠨ ᠶᠡᠷᠦᠩᠬᠡᠢ ᠲᠣᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ 5.5%᠂ 5% ᠪᠠᠷ ᠡᠮ | ᠡᠮᠨᠡᠯᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠨᠥᠬᠦᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠮᠥᠩᠭᠦ ᠭᠠᠷᠭᠠᠨ ᠠᠪᠬᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠪᠡ᠃ | 1959 ᠣᠨ ᠤ 9 ᠰᠠᠷᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠵᠤᠤ ᠤᠳᠠ ᠠᠶᠢᠮᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠬᠢᠷᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠥᠯᠥᠪᠯᠡᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠵᠥᠪᠯᠡᠯ᠂ ᠡᠳ᠋ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠣᠪᠴᠢᠶᠠ ︽ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ | ᠠᠵᠤ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠬᠤᠶᠢᠯᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠥᠪᠡᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠥᠷᠲᠡᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠥᠯᠥᠪᠯᠡᠭᠡ ᠬᠠᠮᠢᠶᠠᠷᠤᠯᠲᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠴᠢᠩᠭᠠᠳᠬᠠᠬᠤ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠭᠠᠯ︾ ᠭᠠᠷᠭᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ︽ | ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠳᠦᠯᠲᠡᠢ ᠤᠳᠤᠷᠢᠳᠤᠨ᠂ ᠱᠠᠲᠤ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠬᠠᠮᠢᠶᠠᠷᠬᠤ︾ ᠵᠠᠷᠴᠢᠮ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠬᠠᠮᠢᠶᠠᠷᠬᠤ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠭᠤᠣᠯ ᠪᠣᠯᠭᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠪᠠ ᠰᠠᠯᠠᠭᠠ | ᠮᠦᠴᠢᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠮᠢᠶᠠᠷᠤᠯᠲᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠤᠶᠠᠯᠳᠤᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠠᠷᠭᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠪᠡ᠃ ᠥᠪᠡᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠥᠷᠲᠡᠭ ᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠢᠶᠠᠷᠬᠤ ᠬᠡᠪᠴᠢᠶᠡ᠄ ᠠᠶᠢᠮᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢ ︵ | ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠳᠦᠭᠡᠷ ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠳᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠬᠥᠩᠭᠡᠨ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠣᠪᠴᠢᠶᠠ ᠪᠠ ᠪᠦᠲᠦᠭᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠯᠲᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠣᠪᠴᠢᠶᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠪᠠᠭᠲᠠᠭᠠᠨᠠ︶᠂ ᠵᠠᠮ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠯᠴᠠᠭᠠ᠂ | ᠠᠮᠤ ᠪᠤᠳᠠᠭᠠ᠂ ᠣᠢ ᠰᠢᠭᠤᠢ᠂ ᠬᠤᠳᠠᠯᠳᠤᠭᠠ᠂ ᠡᠷᠡᠭᠦᠯ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯ ︵ᠡᠮ ᠡᠮᠨᠡᠯᠭᠡ ᠡᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠮᠠᠲ᠋ᠧᠷᠢᠶᠠᠯ︶᠂ ᠬᠦᠳᠡᠯᠮᠦᠷᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠥᠭᠡᠷᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠬᠤᠶᠢᠯᠠᠯ | ᠃ ᠡᠯᠡ ᠭᠤᠣᠯᠯᠠᠨ ᠬᠠᠮᠢᠶᠠᠷᠬᠤ ᠰᠠᠯᠠᠭᠠ ᠮᠥᠴᠢᠷ ᠨᠢ ᠥᠪᠡᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠬᠤᠶᠢᠯᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠥᠪᠡᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠥᠷᠲᠡᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠥᠯᠥᠪᠯᠡᠭᠡ ᠪᠠ ᠲᠠᠸᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ | ᠭᠦᠢᠯᠭᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠰᠦᠢᠳᠬᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠥᠯᠥᠪᠯᠡᠭᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠡᠮᠬᠢᠳᠬᠡᠬᠦ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠢ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠭᠤᠴᠠᠨᠠ᠃ ᠡᠯᠡ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤ ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠥᠯᠥᠪᠯᠡᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠵᠥᠪᠯᠡᠯ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠ | ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢ᠂ ᠵᠠᠮ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠯᠴᠠᠭᠠ᠂ ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠭᠡᠪᠦᠷᠢ᠂ ᠠᠮᠤ ᠪᠤᠳᠠᠭᠠ ᠪᠤᠯᠪᠠᠰᠤᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠥᠪᠡᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠥᠷᠲᠡᠭ ᠤᠨ | ᠲᠥᠯᠥᠪᠯᠡᠭᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠭᠤᠴᠠᠵᠤ ᠨᠠᠶᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠨᠠ᠃ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠯᠭᠠ ᠤᠭᠰᠠᠷᠠᠬᠤ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠬᠤᠶᠢᠯᠠᠯ᠂ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠯᠠᠩ ᠮᠠᠯᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠠᠯᠠᠪᠠᠢ᠂ ᠬᠤᠲᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ | ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠲᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠬᠤᠶᠢᠯᠠᠯ᠂ ᠰᠣᠶᠣᠯ ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠥᠮᠥᠵᠢᠯ ᠡᠷᠡᠭᠦᠯ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠬᠤᠶᠢᠯᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠥᠪᠡᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠥᠷᠲᠡᠭ ᠤᠨ | ᠲᠥᠯᠥᠪᠯᠡᠭᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠠᠶᠢᠮᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠯᠡ ᠭᠤᠣᠯᠯᠠᠨ ᠬᠠᠮᠢᠶᠠᠷᠬᠤ ᠰᠠᠯᠠᠭᠠ ᠮᠥᠴᠢᠷ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠭᠤᠴᠠᠵᠤ ᠨᠠᠶᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠨᠠ᠃ ᠥᠪᠡᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠥᠷᠲᠡᠭ ᠢ ᠣᠨᠣᠪᠴᠢᠲᠠᠢ | ᠪᠣᠳᠣᠵᠤ᠂ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠬᠤᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠢᠨᠠᠨ ᠪᠣᠳᠣᠯᠲᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠴᠢᠩᠭᠠᠳᠬᠠᠬᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠥᠯᠥᠭᠡ ᠪᠠᠰᠠ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠭᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠨᠢ᠄ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠨ ᠪᠦᠲᠦᠭᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠯᠲᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ | ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠦᠢᠳᠬᠡᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠯᠠᠭᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠵᠠᠷᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠪᠠ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠬᠤᠶᠢᠯᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠣᠷᠣᠯᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠦᠯᠡᠳᠡᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠳᠣᠲᠣᠷᠠ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠰᠢᠢᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ︽ᠳᠥᠷᠪᠡᠨ | ᠲᠥᠷᠥᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠦᠢᠳᠬᠡᠯ︾ ᠪᠠ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠲᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠮᠢᠳᠤᠷᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠰᠠᠷᠠᠮᠵᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠠᠯᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠵᠠᠷᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠴᠥᠮ ᠥᠪᠡᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠥᠷᠲᠡᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠦᠢᠳᠬᠡᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠣᠳᠣᠵᠤ | ᠣᠷᠣᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ᠃ ᠥᠪᠡᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠥᠷᠲᠡᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠥᠯᠥᠪᠯᠡᠭᠡ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠬᠤ ᠦᠶᠡ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠦᠭᠦᠬᠡᠢ ᠡᠳ᠋ ᠪᠠ ᠪᠦᠲᠦᠭᠡᠭᠳᠡᠬᠦᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠦᠲᠦᠴᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠷᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠠᠴᠠ | ᠪᠣᠯᠵᠤ ᠥᠪᠡᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠥᠷᠲᠡᠭ ᠢ ᠢᠯᠡᠳᠲᠡ ᠨᠥᠯᠦᠭᠡᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠣᠯ᠂ ᠪᠤᠰᠤᠳᠴᠢ ᠲᠣᠳᠣᠷᠬᠠᠶᠢᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠬᠢᠵᠦ᠂ ᠥᠪᠡᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠥᠷᠲᠡᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠥᠯᠥᠪᠯᠡᠭᠡ ᠶᠢ | ᠥᠭᠡᠷᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠵᠤ ᠪᠣᠯᠣᠨᠠ ᠭᠡᠪᠡ᠃ | ᠥᠪᠡᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠥᠷᠲᠡᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠮᠢᠶᠠᠷᠤᠯᠲᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠴᠢᠩᠭᠠᠳᠬᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ 1960 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠦᠬᠦ ᠠᠶᠢᠮᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠴᠠᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤ ᠪᠦᠲᠦᠭᠡᠭᠳᠡᠬᠦᠨ ᠤ | ᠶᠡᠷᠥᠩᠬᠡᠢ ᠥᠪᠡᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠥᠷᠲᠡᠭ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠢ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠪᠠᠨ 8% ᠪᠠᠷ ᠪᠠᠭᠤᠷᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠪᠠᠭᠤᠷᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠶᠡᠷᠦᠩᠬᠡᠢ ᠲᠤᠭᠠ 175 ᠲᠦᠮᠡᠨ ᠲᠥᠭᠦᠷᠢᠭ ᠪᠣᠯᠪᠠ᠃ | ᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠬᠢᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠦᠬᠦ ᠠᠶᠢᠮᠠᠭ ᠬᠥᠩᠭᠡᠨ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠯᠳᠠᠭᠳᠠᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠬᠤᠶᠢᠯᠠᠯ 21 ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠴᠦᠰ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ | 13 ᠬᠠᠰᠤᠭᠳᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠢ ᠠᠴᠠ 61% ᠪᠠᠷ ᠪᠠᠭᠤᠷᠠᠵᠠᠢ᠃ | 1961 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠥᠪᠥᠷ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠥᠪᠡᠷᠲᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠬᠤ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠷᠠᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠣᠷᠳᠣᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠲᠡᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ︽ᠡᠳ᠋ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ | ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠯᠴᠠᠭᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠥᠭᠡᠷᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠡᠳ᠋ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠮᠢᠶᠠᠷᠤᠯᠲᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠴᠢᠩᠭᠠᠳᠬᠠᠬᠤ ᠲᠤᠭᠲᠠᠭᠠᠯ︾ ᠢ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠯᠡᠨ᠂ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠷᠢ ᠮᠥᠩᠭᠦ | ᠂ ᠠᠰᠢᠭ ᠣᠷᠣᠯᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠦᠯᠡᠳᠡᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠷᠢ ᠮᠥᠩᠭᠦ᠂ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠨ ᠪᠦᠲᠦᠭᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠯᠲᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠷᠢ ᠮᠥᠩᠭᠦ ᠪᠠ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ ᠵᠠᠬᠢᠷᠭᠠᠨ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ | ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠦᠢᠳᠬᠡᠯ ᠳᠠᠬᠢ ᠵᠠᠷᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠥᠪᠡᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠥᠷᠲᠡᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠡᠪᠴᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠭᠲᠠᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠴᠢᠩᠭᠠ ᠬᠤᠷᠢᠭᠯᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠬᠤᠶᠢᠯᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ | ᠵᠠᠬᠢᠷᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠰᠦᠢᠳᠬᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠷᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠨᠢ ᠡᠷᠬᠡᠪᠰᠢ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ ᠵᠠᠬᠢᠷᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠵᠠᠷᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠮᠵᠢᠶᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠵᠦ᠂ | ᠥᠪᠡᠷᠲᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠷ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠮᠵᠢᠶᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠭᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ᠃ ᠬᠦᠳᠡᠭᠡ ᠪᠠᠭᠤᠯᠭᠠᠵᠤ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠮᠦᠷᠢᠯᠡᠭᠦᠯᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠲᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠴᠠᠯᠢᠩ᠂ ᠵᠠᠮ ᠤᠨ | ᠰᠦᠢᠳᠬᠡᠯ ᠢ ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠠᠨ ᠰᠠᠷᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠳᠣᠲᠣᠷᠠ ᠪᠣᠯ ᠥᠪᠡᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠥᠷᠲᠡᠭ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠪᠣᠳᠣᠵᠤ᠂ ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠠᠨ ᠰᠠᠷᠠ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠬᠡᠲᠦᠷᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠡᠵᠡᠩᠨᠡᠯᠲᠡ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠭᠠᠳᠠᠨᠠᠬᠢ | ᠵᠠᠷᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠣᠷᠣᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ᠂ ᠥᠪᠡᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠥᠷᠲᠡᠭ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠪᠣᠳᠣᠬᠤ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠭᠡᠵᠡᠢ᠃ | 1962 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠦᠬᠦ ᠠᠶᠢᠮᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠬᠤᠶᠢᠯᠠᠯ ᠳᠣᠲᠣᠭᠠᠳᠤ ᠨᠥᠭᠡᠴᠡ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠠᠭᠤᠳᠠᠯᠤᠨ ᠥᠪᠡᠷ ᠤᠨ | ᠥᠷᠲᠡᠭ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠭᠤᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠱᠠᠭᠠᠷᠳᠠᠪᠠ᠃ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠬᠤᠶᠢᠯᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠯᠡ ᠵᠦᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠦᠢᠳᠬᠡᠯ ᠨᠢ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠭᠠᠯ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠬᠠᠮᠢᠶᠠ ᠪᠦᠬᠦᠢ ᠲᠥᠷᠥᠯ | ᠵᠦᠢᠯ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠵᠠᠷᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠵᠢᠭᠰᠠᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠲᠡᠢ᠂ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠯᠴᠠᠨ ᠰᠢᠬᠠᠨ ᠡᠵᠡᠯᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ᠃ ᠮᠥᠨ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠨ ᠪᠦᠲᠦᠭᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠯᠲᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ | ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠬᠤᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠳᠦᠷᠪᠡᠨ ᠲᠥᠷᠥᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠦᠢᠳᠬᠡᠯ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠬᠤᠶᠢᠯᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠦᠢᠳᠬᠡᠯ᠂ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠬᠤᠶᠢᠯᠠᠯ ᠠᠴᠠ | ᠡᠷᠬᠢᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠯᠠᠩ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠰᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠲᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠴᠠᠯᠢᠩ ᠪᠠ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠳᠤᠮᠳᠠᠬᠢ ᠠᠯᠳᠠᠭᠳᠠᠯ᠂ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠬᠤᠶᠢᠯᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ | ᠥᠪᠡᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠥᠷᠲᠡᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠷᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠯᠠᠭᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠪᠤᠰᠤᠳ ᠰᠦᠢᠳᠬᠡᠯ ᠢ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠬᠤᠶᠢᠯᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠥᠪᠡᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠥᠷᠲᠡᠭ ᠪᠣᠶᠣ ᠡᠵᠡᠩᠨᠡᠯᠲᠡ ᠠᠴᠠ | ᠭᠠᠳᠠᠨᠠᠬᠢ ᠠᠰᠢᠭ ᠠᠯᠳᠠᠭᠳᠠᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠣᠷᠣᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠭᠠᠪᠠ᠃ | 1965 ᠣᠨ ᠤ 11 ᠰᠠᠷᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠥᠪᠥᠷ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠥᠪᠡᠷᠲᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠬᠤ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠡᠳ᠋ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠢᠩᠬᠢᠮ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠬᠤᠶᠢᠯᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ | ᠪᠠᠭᠠ ᠬᠡᠯᠪᠡᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠮᠡᠷᠭᠡᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠥᠭᠡᠷᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠯᠲᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠷᠭᠠ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠡ ᠠᠪᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠰᠡᠬᠦ ᠰᠦᠢᠳᠬᠡᠯ ᠢ ᠥᠪᠡᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠥᠷᠲᠡᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠥᠯᠥᠪᠯᠡᠭᠡ᠂ ᠡᠳ᠋ ᠤᠨ | ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ ᠲᠤ ᠲᠤᠰᠢᠶᠠᠬᠤ ᠡᠭᠦᠷᠭᠡ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠪᠡᠶᠡᠯᠡᠭᠦᠯᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠠ ᠮᠠᠲ᠋ᠧᠷᠢᠶᠠᠯ ᠨᠡᠮᠡᠵᠦ ᠣᠯᠭᠤᠬᠤ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠨᠥᠬᠦᠴᠡᠯ ᠳᠣᠣᠷᠠ᠂ ᠲᠣᠮᠣ ᠳᠤᠮᠳᠠ ᠬᠡᠯᠪᠡᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠵᠤ | ᠠᠬᠤᠶᠢᠯᠠᠯ 1000 ᠲᠥᠭᠦᠷᠢᠭ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠳᠣᠷᠣᠭᠰᠢ᠂ ᠪᠠᠭᠠ ᠬᠡᠯᠪᠡᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠬᠤᠶᠢᠯᠠᠯ 500 ᠲᠥᠭᠦᠷᠢᠭ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠳᠣᠷᠣᠭᠰᠢ ᠪᠣᠯ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ | ᠥᠪᠡᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠥᠷᠲᠡᠭ ᠳᠣᠲᠣᠷᠠ ᠲᠡᠰᠬᠡᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠣᠯᠣᠨᠠ ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠭᠠᠪᠠ᠃ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠴᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠰᠡᠬᠦ ᠳᠣᠣᠷᠠ ᠥᠷᠲᠡᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠢᠯᠪᠠᠷᠬᠠᠨ | ᠡᠯᠡᠭᠳᠡᠬᠦ ᠵᠦᠢᠯ ᠢ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠤᠳᠠᠯᠳᠤᠨ ᠠᠪᠬᠤ ᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠣᠮᠣ᠂ ᠳᠤᠮᠳᠠ᠂ ᠵᠢᠵᠢᠭ ᠬᠡᠯᠪᠡᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠬᠤᠶᠢᠯᠠᠯ ᠨᠢ ᠲᠤᠰ ᠲᠤᠰ 800 ᠲᠥᠭᠦᠷᠢᠭ᠂ | 500 ᠲᠥᠭᠦᠷᠢᠭ᠂ 200 ᠲᠥᠭᠦᠷᠢᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠳᠣᠲᠣᠷᠠ ᠪᠣᠯ ᠥᠪᠡᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠥᠷᠲᠡᠭ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠪᠣᠳᠣᠨ ᠣᠷᠣᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ᠂ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯᠡᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠴᠢᠮ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠰᠡᠬᠦ ᠢᠬᠢᠷ | ᠰᠢᠬᠢᠷ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠬᠤ ᠵᠦᠢᠯ ᠪᠠ ᠳᠥᠭᠦᠮ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠯᠭᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠬᠠᠶᠠᠭᠳᠠᠮᠠᠯ ᠮᠠᠲ᠋ᠧᠷᠢᠶᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠠᠰᠢᠭᠯᠠᠵᠤ ᠳᠡᠮᠡᠢ ᠮᠥᠩᠭᠦ ᠵᠠᠷᠤᠴᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ | ᠪᠦᠭᠡᠳ ᠥᠪᠡᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠥᠷᠲᠡᠭ ᠪᠠ ᠡᠳ᠋ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠥᠯᠥᠪᠯᠡᠭᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠨᠥᠯᠦᠭᠡᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ᠂ ᠲᠠᠯᠠᠪᠠᠢ ᠨᠢ 20 ᠲᠡᠭᠰᠢ ᠳᠦᠷᠪᠡᠯᠵᠢᠨ ᠮᠧᠲᠷ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠬᠡᠲᠦᠷᠡᠬᠦ | ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠪᠣᠯ ᠰᠦᠢᠳᠬᠡᠯ ᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠥᠪᠡᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠥᠷᠲᠡᠭ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠪᠣᠳᠣᠵᠤ ᠪᠣᠯᠣᠨᠠ ᠭᠡᠵᠡᠢ᠃ | 1973 ᠣᠨ ᠤ 6 ᠰᠠᠷᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠳ᠋ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠶᠠᠮᠤᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠲᠠᠷᠬᠠᠭᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ︽ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠵᠤ | ᠠᠬᠤᠶᠢᠯᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠥᠪᠡᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠥᠷᠲᠡᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠮᠢᠶᠠᠷᠤᠯᠲᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠴᠢᠩᠭᠠᠳᠬᠠᠬᠤ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠭᠠᠯ ᠤᠳ︾ ᠪᠠ ︽ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠵᠠᠮ | ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠯᠴᠠᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠬᠤᠶᠢᠯᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠦᠢᠳᠬᠡᠯ ᠵᠠᠷᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠤᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠠᠷᠭᠠ︾ ᠶᠢ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠬᠤᠶᠢᠯᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠦᠲᠦᠭᠡᠭᠳᠡᠬᠦᠨ ᠤ | ᠥᠪᠡᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠥᠷᠲᠡᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠷᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠡᠪᠴᠢᠶᠡ ᠪᠣᠯ᠄ ᠪᠦᠲᠦᠭᠡᠭᠳᠡᠬᠦᠨ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠬᠦ ᠳᠤ ᠵᠠᠷᠤᠴᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠡᠯᠡ ᠵᠦᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠦᠭᠦᠬᠡᠢ ᠮᠠᠲ᠋ᠧᠷᠢᠶᠠᠯ᠂ | ᠮᠠᠲ᠋ᠧᠷᠢᠶᠠᠯ ᠪᠠ ᠭᠠᠳᠠᠨᠠ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠬᠤᠳᠠᠯᠳᠤᠨ ᠠᠪᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠰ ᠪᠦᠲᠦᠭᠡᠭᠳᠡᠬᠦᠨ᠂ ᠪᠦᠲᠦᠭᠡᠭᠳᠡᠬᠦᠨ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠬᠦ ᠳᠤ ᠵᠠᠷᠤᠴᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠰᠢᠲᠠᠭᠠᠯᠭᠠ ᠪᠠ | ᠬᠦᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠬᠦᠴᠦᠨ᠂ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠲᠠᠨ ᠪᠠ ᠬᠠᠮᠢᠶᠠᠷᠤᠭᠳᠠᠭᠴᠢᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠴᠠᠯᠢᠩ ᠪᠠ ᠴᠠᠯᠢᠩ ᠤᠨ ᠶᠡᠷᠦᠩᠬᠡᠢ ᠲᠤᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠠᠪᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ | ᠠᠰᠠᠷᠠᠮᠵᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠷᠢ ᠮᠥᠩᠭᠦ᠂ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠭᠠᠯ ᠶᠣᠰᠣᠭᠠᠷ ᠭᠠᠷᠭᠠᠨ ᠠᠪᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠮᠠᠯ ᠬᠥᠷᠥᠩᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠨ ᠡᠯᠡᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠷᠢ ᠮᠥᠩᠭᠦ᠂ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ | ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡᠯᠡᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠷᠢ ᠮᠥᠩᠭᠦ ᠪᠠ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠮᠠᠯ ᠬᠥᠷᠥᠩᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠳᠣᠲᠣᠷᠠᠬᠢ ᠪᠠᠭᠠ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠦᠢᠳᠬᠡᠯ᠂ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠭᠠᠯ ᠶᠣᠰᠣᠭᠠᠷ | ᠪᠦᠲᠦᠭᠡᠭᠳᠡᠬᠦᠨ ᠤ ᠥᠪᠡᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠥᠷᠲᠡᠭ ᠲᠤ ᠣᠷᠣᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠵᠣᠭᠰᠣᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠰᠦᠢᠳᠬᠡᠯ᠂ ᠭᠤᠯᠣᠭᠳᠠᠮᠠᠯ ᠪᠦᠲᠦᠭᠡᠭᠳᠡᠬᠦᠨ ᠤ ᠰᠦᠢᠳᠦᠯ᠂ | ᠪᠦᠲᠦᠭᠡᠭᠳᠡᠬᠦᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠣᠭᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠪᠠ ᠪᠣᠷᠣᠯᠠᠭᠤᠯᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠦᠢᠳᠬᠡᠯ᠂ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠬᠤᠶᠢᠯᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠤᠣᠯᠯᠠᠨ ᠬᠠᠮᠢᠶᠠᠷᠬᠤ ᠰᠠᠯᠠᠭᠠ ᠮᠥᠴᠢᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠥᠪᠰᠢᠶᠡᠷᠡᠯ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ | ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠲᠡᠭᠰᠢ ᠳᠦᠷᠪᠡᠯᠵᠢᠨ ᠮᠧᠲᠷ ᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠨ 20 ᠲᠥᠭᠦᠷᠢᠭ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠳᠣᠷᠣᠭᠰᠢ ᠥᠷᠲᠡᠭ ᠪᠦᠬᠦᠢ ᠮᠠᠲ᠋ᠧᠷᠢᠶᠠᠯ ᠬᠠᠳᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠳᠥᠭᠦᠮ ᠰᠠᠷᠠᠪᠴᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ | ᠰᠦᠢᠳᠬᠡᠯ᠂ ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠭᠡᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠰᠦᠢᠳᠬᠡᠯ᠂ ᠮᠠᠲ᠋ᠧᠷᠢᠶᠠᠯ ᠪᠠ ᠪᠦᠲᠦᠭᠡᠭᠳᠡᠬᠦᠨ ᠤ ᠢᠯᠡᠭᠦᠳᠡᠯ ᠲᠤᠲᠠᠭᠳᠠᠯ᠂ ᠬᠦᠦ ᠮᠥᠩᠭᠦ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠣᠷᠣᠯᠭᠠ ᠵᠠᠷᠤᠯᠭᠠ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠪᠤᠰᠤᠳ | ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠦᠢᠳᠬᠡᠯ᠃ | 1974 ᠣᠨ ᠤ 1 ᠰᠠᠷᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠡᠳ᠋ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠶᠠᠮᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠭᠠᠯ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ᠄ ᠲᠦᠭᠦᠬᠡᠢ ᠮᠠᠲ᠋ᠧᠷᠢᠶᠠᠯ᠂ ᠰᠢᠲᠠᠭᠠᠯᠭᠠ ᠪᠠ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠬᠦᠴᠦ᠂ | ᠴᠠᠯᠢᠩ ᠪᠠ ᠨᠡᠮᠡᠯᠲᠡ ᠰᠦᠢᠳᠬᠡᠯ᠂ ᠭᠤᠯᠣᠭᠳᠠᠮᠠᠯ ᠪᠦᠲᠦᠭᠡᠭᠳᠡᠬᠦᠨ ᠤ ᠰᠦᠢᠳᠦᠯ᠂ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠠᠰᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠦᠢᠳᠬᠡᠯ᠂ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠬᠤᠶᠢᠯᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ | ᠬᠠᠮᠢᠶᠠᠷᠤᠯᠲᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠦᠢᠳᠬᠡᠯ᠂ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠵᠣᠭᠰᠣᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠰᠦᠢᠳᠦᠯ᠂ ᠪᠣᠷᠣᠯᠠᠭᠤᠯᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠦᠢᠳᠬᠡᠯ ᠢ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠬᠤᠶᠢᠯᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠥᠪᠡᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠥᠷᠲᠡᠭ ᠲᠤ | ᠣᠷᠣᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠭᠡᠪᠡ᠃ | 1978 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠡᠳ᠋ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠶᠠᠮᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠭᠠᠯ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠴᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠡᠪᠯᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠦᠢᠳᠬᠡᠯ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠭᠠᠷᠭᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠵᠠᠷᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠪᠦᠬᠦᠨ ᠢ ᠠᠵᠤ | ᠠᠬᠤᠶᠢᠯᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠥᠪᠡᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠥᠷᠲᠡᠭ ᠲᠤ ᠣᠷᠣᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠭᠠᠪᠠ᠃ | 1979 ᠣᠨ ᠤ 11 ᠰᠠᠷᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠭᠠᠯ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠲᠠᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠥᠭᠴᠦ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠬᠤᠯᠢᠰᠢᠨ ᠢᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠦᠨᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠨᠥᠬᠦᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠶᠢ | ᠥᠪᠡᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠥᠷᠲᠡᠭ ᠲᠤ ᠣᠷᠣᠭᠤᠯᠪᠠ᠃ | 1982 ᠣᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠡᠬᠢᠯᠡᠵᠦ ᠥᠪᠥᠷ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠥᠪᠡᠷᠲᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠬᠤ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠡᠳ᠋ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠢᠩᠬᠢᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠭᠠᠯ ᠶᠣᠰᠣᠭᠠᠷ | ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠲᠠᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠥᠮᠥᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠦᠢᠳᠬᠡᠯ ᠢ ᠴᠠᠯᠢᠩ ᠤᠨ ᠶᠡᠷᠦᠩᠬᠡᠢ ᠲᠣᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ 1.5% ᠪᠠᠷ ᠠᠪᠴᠤ᠂ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠥᠪᠡᠷ ᠤᠨ | ᠥᠷᠲᠡᠭ ᠲᠤ ᠰᠢᠭᠤᠳ ᠣᠷᠣᠭᠤᠯᠪᠠ᠃ 1983 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠰᠠ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠬᠤᠶᠢᠯᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠷᠭᠦᠯᠵᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠱᠠᠩᠨᠠᠯ᠂ | ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠳᠬᠠᠯ ᠴᠠᠯᠢᠩ᠂ ᠳᠠᠪᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠪᠡᠶᠡᠯᠡᠭᠦᠯᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠴᠠᠯᠢᠩ ᠢ ᠴᠥᠮ ᠭᠠᠶᠢᠯᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠᠬᠢ ᠦᠯᠡᠳᠡᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠭᠠᠷᠭᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠲᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠰᠠᠷᠠᠮᠵᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ | ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠷᠢ ᠮᠥᠩᠭᠦ ᠶᠢ ᠥᠪᠡᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠥᠷᠲᠡᠭ ᠲᠤ ᠣᠷᠣᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠭᠠᠪᠠ᠃ ᠠᠯᠳᠠᠭᠳᠠᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠬᠤᠶᠢᠯᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠤᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠥᠪᠡᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠥᠷᠲᠡᠭ ᠤᠨ | ᠳᠣᠲᠣᠷᠠ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠭᠠᠷᠭᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠦᠷᠭᠦᠯᠵᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠱᠠᠩᠨᠠᠯ᠂ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠳᠬᠠᠯ ᠴᠠᠯᠢᠩ ᠢ ᠠᠯᠳᠠᠪᠣᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠨᠥᠬᠦᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠪᠠ ᠠᠯᠳᠠᠭᠳᠠᠯ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ | ᠪᠠᠭᠠᠰᠬᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠨᠤᠭᠳᠠᠯ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠭᠠᠷᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠣᠯᠪᠠ᠃ | 1986 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠬᠤᠶᠢᠯᠠᠯ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠲᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠴᠠᠯᠢᠩ ᠢ ᠬᠥᠮᠥᠨ ᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠳᠤᠮᠳᠠᠴᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠰᠠᠷᠠ ᠳᠤ 5 ᠲᠥᠭᠦᠷᠢᠭ ᠥᠰᠬᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠢ ᠴᠥᠮ ᠥᠪᠡᠷ ᠤᠨ | ᠥᠷᠲᠡᠭ ᠲᠤ ᠣᠷᠣᠭᠤᠯᠪᠠ᠃ | 1989 ᠣᠨ ᠤ 4 ᠰᠠᠷᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ 6 ᠤ ᠡᠳᠦᠷ᠂ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠳ᠋ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠶᠠᠮᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠭᠠᠯ ᠶᠣᠰᠣᠭᠠᠷ ᠲᠤᠰ ᠬᠤᠲᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠵᠤ | ᠠᠬᠤᠶᠢᠯᠠᠯ ᠨᠢ ᠴᠥᠮ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠬᠤᠶᠢᠯᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠮᠢᠶᠠᠷᠤᠯᠲᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠦᠢᠳᠬᠡᠯ ᠳᠣᠲᠣᠷᠠ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠶᠢᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠣᠴᠢᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠰᠦᠢᠳᠬᠡᠯ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠭᠠᠷᠭᠠᠪᠠ | ᠃ ᠵᠣᠴᠢᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠰᠦᠢᠳᠬᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠢᠵᠠᠭᠠᠷ ᠨᠢ ᠲᠣᠮᠣ ᠳᠤᠮᠳᠠ ᠬᠡᠯᠪᠡᠷᠢ ᠪᠠ ᠣᠷᠣᠯᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠭᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠬᠤᠶᠢᠯᠠᠯ ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠯᠡᠨ᠂ ᠪᠦᠬᠦ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ | ᠵᠣᠴᠢᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠰᠦᠢᠳᠬᠡᠯ ᠢ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠣᠷᠣᠯᠠᠭᠤᠯᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠣᠷᠣᠯᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ 0.3% ᠪᠠ 0.8% ᠪᠠᠷ ᠭᠠᠷᠭᠠᠨᠠ᠃ | |