| ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠠᠳᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠪᠦᠯᠦᠭ ᠡᠳ᠋ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠮᠢᠶᠠᠷᠤᠯᠲᠠ | ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠳᠦᠭᠡᠷ ᠬᠡᠰᠡᠭ ᠬᠠᠮᠢᠶᠠᠷᠤᠯᠲᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠯᠴᠠᠭᠠ | 1945 ᠣᠨ ᠤ 8 ᠰᠠᠷᠠ ᠠᠴᠠ 1948 ᠣᠨ ᠪᠣᠯᠲᠠᠯᠠ᠂ ᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨᠬᠠᠳᠠ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠡᠳ᠋ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠯᠴᠠᠭᠠ ᠨᠢ ︽ᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠬᠤᠢ ᠶᠢ | ᠬᠥᠭᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠦᠨ᠂ ᠬᠠᠩᠭᠠᠯᠭᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠪᠠᠲᠤᠯᠠᠬᠤ︾ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠬᠤᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠴᠢᠭᠯᠡᠯᠲᠡ ᠶᠣᠰᠣᠭᠠᠷ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠭᠳᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠭᠤᠣᠯ ᠡᠭᠦᠷᠭᠡ ᠨᠢ᠄ ᠠᠯᠪᠠᠨ ᠠᠮᠤ | ᠲᠠᠲᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢᠯᠠᠬᠤ᠂ ᠴᠡᠷᠢᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠪᠴᠠᠰᠤ ᠭᠤᠲᠤᠯ ᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠢᠶᠠᠷᠬᠤ᠂ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠭᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯᠡᠯ ᠥᠷᠨᠢᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠯᠠ᠃ | 1947 ᠣᠨ ᠤ 10 ᠰᠠᠷᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ 25 ᠤ ᠡᠳᠦᠷ᠂ ᠿᠧᠾᠧ ᠮᠤᠵᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠣᠷᠳᠣᠨ ︽ᠡᠳ᠋ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠬᠡᠳᠦᠨ ᠵᠢᠭᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ︾ | ᠶᠢ ᠲᠠᠷᠬᠠᠭᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠡᠳ᠋ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠯᠴᠠᠭᠠ ᠶᠢ ︽ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠳᠦᠯᠲᠡᠢ ᠲᠣᠬᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ᠂ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠭᠤᠴᠠᠨᠠ︾ ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠲᠤᠭᠲᠠᠭᠠᠪᠠ᠃ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤ | ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠨ ︵ᠬᠤᠲᠠ︶ ᠤ ᠲᠤᠭᠲᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠡᠳ᠋ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠣᠷᠣᠯᠭᠠ ᠳᠤ᠄ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠥᠪᠡᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠩᠭᠠᠯᠭᠠ᠂ ᠠᠷᠢᠬᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠢ ᠠᠰᠢᠭ ᠤᠨ | ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠷ ᠬᠤᠪᠢ᠂ ᠭᠡᠷᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠠᠶᠢᠯᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠠᠨ ᠬᠤᠪᠢ᠂᠂ ᠮᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠷᠠᠯᠵᠢᠶᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠠᠶᠢᠯᠢ᠂ ᠶᠠᠨᠳᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠤᠪᠴᠢᠭᠤᠷ᠂ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠲᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ | ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠣᠷᠣᠯᠭᠠ᠂ ᠬᠠᠤᠯᠢ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠵᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠣᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠪᠠ ᠬᠤᠷᠢᠶᠠᠮᠵᠢᠯᠠᠨ ᠠᠪᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠵᠣᠭᠤᠰ ᠢ ᠣᠷᠣᠭᠤᠯᠵᠠᠢ᠃ ᠡᠳ᠋ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ | ᠵᠠᠷᠣᠳᠠᠯ ᠳᠤ᠄ ᠠᠯᠪᠠᠨ ᠵᠠᠷᠤᠳᠠᠯ᠂ ᠣᠷᠣ ᠳᠡᠪᠢᠰᠬᠡᠷ ᠬᠤᠪᠴᠠᠰᠤ ᠬᠤᠨᠠᠷ᠂ ᠪᠠᠭᠠ ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠥᠮᠥᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠦᠢᠳᠬᠡᠯ᠂ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢ | ᠬᠤᠳᠠᠯᠳᠤᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠦᠲᠦᠭᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠯᠲᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠦᠢᠳᠬᠡᠯ᠂ ᠪᠤᠰᠤᠳ ᠲᠦᠷ ᠴᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠦᠢᠳᠬᠡᠯ ᠢ ᠣᠷᠣᠭᠤᠯᠵᠠᠢ᠃ ᠡᠯᠡ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤ ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠤ | ᠵᠠᠷᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠠᠮᠤ ᠪᠤᠳᠠᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠠᠩᠭᠠᠯᠭᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠮᠤᠵᠢ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠲᠤᠭᠲᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠴᠠᠭᠠ ᠶᠣᠰᠣᠭᠠᠷ ᠨᠥᠬᠦᠪᠥᠷᠢ ᠣᠯᠭᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠭᠠᠳᠠᠨᠠ ᠪᠤᠰᠤᠳ | ᠵᠠᠷᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤ ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠣᠷᠣᠯᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠥᠪᠡᠷ ᠢ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠥᠪᠡᠷᠲᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠬᠠᠩᠭᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠪᠠ᠃ | 1949 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠿᠧᠾᠧ ᠮᠤᠵᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠷᠠᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠣᠷᠳᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠡᠳ᠋ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠬᠡᠳᠦᠨ ᠲᠤᠭᠲᠠᠭᠠᠯ ᠢ | ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠯᠡᠨ᠂ ᠣᠷᠣᠯᠭᠠ ᠵᠠᠷᠤᠯᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠵᠠᠭᠠᠭ ᠢ ᠲᠣᠳᠣᠷᠬᠠᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠭᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠ ᠮᠤᠵᠢ ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠣᠷᠣᠯᠭᠠ ᠵᠠᠷᠤᠯᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠵᠠᠭᠠᠭ ᠢ ᠢᠯᠭᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠮᠤᠵᠢ | ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤ ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠣᠷᠣᠯᠭᠠ ᠵᠠᠷᠤᠯᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠡᠪᠴᠢᠶᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠣᠯᠠᠮ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠠᠯᠬᠤᠮ ᠲᠣᠳᠣᠷᠬᠠᠶᠢᠯᠠᠪᠠ᠃ | 1951 ᠣᠨ ᠤ 3 ᠰᠠᠷᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠥᠪ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠷᠠᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠣᠷᠳᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠦᠷᠦ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠷᠢᠶᠠ ︽1951 ᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠡᠳ᠋ ᠤᠨ | ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠣᠷᠣᠯᠭᠠ ᠵᠠᠷᠤᠯᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠢᠰᠲ᠋ᠧᠮ ᠢ ᠢᠯᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠲᠤᠭᠲᠠᠭᠠᠯ︾ ᠢ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠲᠡᠯᠡᠵᠦ᠂ ︽ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠲᠦᠯᠲᠡᠢ ᠤᠳᠤᠷᠢᠳᠴᠦ᠂ ᠱᠠᠲᠤ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠶᠠᠨ | ᠬᠠᠮᠢᠶᠠᠷᠬᠤ︾ ᠵᠠᠷᠴᠢᠮ ᠢ ᠳᠤᠷᠠᠳᠤᠨ᠂ ᠲᠥᠪ᠂ ᠲᠣᠮᠣ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ ᠵᠠᠬᠢᠷᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠪᠠ ᠮᠤᠵᠢ ᠬᠤᠲᠠ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠠᠨ ᠱᠠᠲᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠡᠳ᠋ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ ᠭᠡᠵᠦ | ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠶᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠲᠥᠪ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠲᠦᠯᠲᠡᠢ ᠤᠳᠤᠷᠢᠳᠤᠯᠭᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠪᠠᠬᠢᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠮᠥᠷᠲᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠬᠤᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠥᠭᠵᠢᠯᠲᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠴᠦ | ᠬᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠᠯᠵᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ᠃ | 1953 ᠣᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠡᠬᠢᠯᠡᠵᠦ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠳ᠋ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠯᠴᠠᠭᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠲᠥᠪ᠂ ᠲᠣᠮᠣ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ ᠵᠠᠬᠢᠷᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠪᠠ ᠮᠤᠵᠢ ᠬᠤᠲᠠ | ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠠᠨ ᠱᠠᠲᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠠᠮᠢᠶᠠᠷᠤᠯᠲᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠯᠴᠠᠭᠠ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠲᠥᠪ᠂ ᠮᠤᠵᠢ ᠬᠤᠲᠠ ᠪᠠ ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠠᠨ ᠱᠠᠲᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠡᠳ᠋ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ | ᠬᠠᠮᠢᠶᠠᠷᠤᠯᠲᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠯᠴᠠᠭᠠ ᠪᠣᠯᠣᠨ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠷᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠳ᠋ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠮᠢᠶᠠᠷᠤᠯᠲᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡᠷᠬᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠵᠤᠬᠢᠰᠲᠠᠢ ᠥᠷᠭᠡᠳᠬᠡᠨ ᠲᠣᠮᠣ | ᠬᠡᠪᠴᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠬᠤᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠦᠲᠦᠭᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠯᠲᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠴᠡᠭᠡ ᠳᠤ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠴᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ᠃ ᠲᠥᠪ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠥᠪᠥᠷ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠥᠪᠡᠷᠲᠡᠭᠡᠨ | ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠬᠤ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠪᠠ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠ ᠡᠯᠡ ᠠᠶᠢᠮᠠᠭ᠂ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠡᠳ᠋ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ ᠢ ᠪᠠᠰᠠ ᠭᠦᠢᠴᠡᠳ ᠬᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠᠯᠵᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ᠃ ᠡᠯᠡ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤ ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠨᠢ | ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠬᠤᠳᠠᠯᠳᠤᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠭᠠᠶᠢᠯᠢ᠂ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠯᠠᠩ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠠᠶᠢᠯᠢ᠂ ᠪᠤᠰᠤᠳ ᠣᠷᠣᠯᠭᠠ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠴᠥᠮ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠭᠰᠢ ᠲᠤᠰᠢᠶᠠᠬᠤ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠭᠠᠳᠠᠨᠠ᠂ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠰᠡᠬᠦ | ᠰᠦᠢᠳᠬᠡᠯ ᠢ ᠡᠮᠦᠨᠡ ᠬᠡᠰᠡᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤ ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠪᠣᠯ ᠿᠧᠾᠧ ᠮᠤᠵᠢ ᠠᠴᠠ᠂ ᠬᠤᠶᠢᠲᠦ ᠬᠡᠰᠡᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤ ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠪᠣᠯ ᠥᠪᠥᠷ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ | ᠥᠪᠡᠷᠲᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠬᠤ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠱᠠᠲᠤ ᠱᠠᠲᠤ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠳᠣᠷᠤᠭᠰᠢ ᠣᠯᠭᠤᠵᠤ᠂ ᠰᠠᠷᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡᠴᠦᠰ ᠲᠤ ᠪᠣᠳᠠᠲᠤ ᠲᠤᠭᠠ ᠶᠣᠰᠣᠭᠠᠷ ᠭᠠᠷᠭᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠵᠠᠢ᠃ | ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠦᠶᠡ ᠳᠤ ᠵᠣᠣ ᠤᠳᠠ ᠠᠶᠢᠮᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠳ᠋ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ ᠢ ︽ᠬᠠᠩᠭᠠᠯᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡᠳ᠋ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ︾ ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠨᠡᠷᠡᠯᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠪᠠ᠃ | 1955 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠵᠣᠣ ᠤᠳᠠ ᠠᠶᠢᠮᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠮᠦᠨᠡ ᠬᠡᠰᠡᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤ ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠨᠢ ᠿᠧᠾᠧ ᠮᠤᠵᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡᠳ᠋ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠢᠩᠬᠢᠮ ᠤᠨ ︽ | ᠭᠠᠶᠢᠯᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠲᠥᠷᠥᠯ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠶᠠᠨ᠂ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠴᠠᠯ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠳᠠᠬᠤ︾ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠭᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠵᠦ᠂ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠳᠦᠷᠪᠡᠨ ᠲᠥᠷᠥᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠠᠶᠢᠯᠢ ︵ᠲᠠᠸᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ | ᠭᠦᠢᠯᠭᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠭᠠᠶᠢᠯᠢ᠂ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠠᠶᠢᠯᠢ᠂ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠬᠤᠳᠠᠯᠳᠤᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡᠷᠭᠢᠯᠲᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠠᠶᠢᠯᠢ᠂ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠬᠤᠳᠠᠯᠳᠤᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠣᠷᠣᠯᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ | ᠭᠠᠶᠢᠯᠢ︶ ᠪᠠ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠯᠠᠩ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠠᠶᠢᠯᠢ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠤᠰ ᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠴᠠᠯ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠶᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠵᠠᠢ᠃ ᠡᠯᠡ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤ ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠨᠢ ᠣᠷᠣᠯᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠭᠰᠢ | ᠲᠤᠰᠢᠶᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠ ᠮᠤᠵᠢ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤ ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠵᠠᠷᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠶᠡᠷᠦᠩᠬᠡᠢ ᠲᠤᠭᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠰᠢᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠭᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠮᠠᠯ ᠣᠷᠣᠯᠭᠠ ᠪᠠ ᠭᠠᠶᠢᠯᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ | ᠨᠣᠭᠳᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠨᠡᠮᠡᠭᠡᠳ ᠶᠡᠷᠦᠩᠬᠡᠢ ᠵᠠᠷᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠭᠠ ᠪᠣᠯᠣᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠣᠯ ᠲᠡᠷᠡ ᠬᠡᠰᠡᠭ ᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠮᠤᠵᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡᠳ᠋ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠨᠥᠬᠦᠵᠦ ᠥᠭᠳᠡᠭ | ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠵᠠᠢ᠃ ᠬᠤᠶᠢᠲᠤ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤ ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠨᠢ ︽ᠥᠪᠥᠷ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠥᠪᠡᠷᠲᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠬᠤ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠡᠳ᠋ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠣᠷᠣᠯᠭᠠ ᠵᠠᠷᠤᠯᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ | ᠰᠢᠰᠲ᠋ᠧᠮ ᠢ ᠢᠯᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠲᠣᠷᠰᠢᠨ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ ᠲᠥᠰᠥᠯ︾ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠭᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠯᠡᠵᠦ᠂ ᠠᠶᠢᠮᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠮᠠᠯ ᠣᠷᠣᠯᠭᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠳᠠᠪᠤᠰᠤᠨ | ᠭᠠᠶᠢᠯᠢ᠂ ᠮᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠠᠶᠢᠯᠢ᠂ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠬᠤᠶᠢᠯᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠠᠶᠢᠯᠢ᠂ ᠪᠤᠰᠤᠳ ᠣᠷᠣᠯᠭᠠ᠂ ᠲᠦᠷᠦᠭᠦᠦ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠯᠡᠳᠡᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠣᠷᠣᠯᠭᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠪᠠᠭᠲᠠᠭᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠪᠠ᠃ | ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤ ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠮᠠᠯ ᠣᠷᠣᠯᠭᠠ ᠨᠢ 1953 ᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠣᠷᠣᠯᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠥᠷᠥᠯ ᠵᠦᠢᠯ ᠢ ᠦᠯᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠭᠠᠳᠠᠨᠠ ᠪᠠᠰᠠ ᠲᠡᠮᠳᠡᠭᠲᠦ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠠᠶᠢᠯᠢ | ᠂ ᠬᠦᠦ ᠮᠥᠩᠭᠦᠨ ᠤ ᠣᠷᠣᠯᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠠᠶᠢᠯᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠨᠡᠮᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ᠃ ᠠᠶᠢᠮᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠳᠠᠨ ᠣᠯᠬᠤ ᠲᠥᠷᠥᠯ ᠪᠠ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠴᠠᠯ ᠨᠢ᠄ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢ | ᠬᠤᠳᠠᠯᠳᠤᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡᠷᠭᠢᠯᠲᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠠᠶᠢᠯᠢ᠂ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠬᠤᠳᠠᠯᠳᠤᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠣᠷᠣᠯᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠠᠶᠢᠯᠢ ᠨᠢ 100%᠂ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠯᠠᠩ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠠᠶᠢᠯᠢ ᠨᠢ 20% | ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠵᠠᠢ᠃ | 1956 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠥᠪᠥᠷ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠥᠪᠡᠷᠲᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠬᠤ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠨᠢ ᠠᠶᠢᠮᠠᠭ ᠪᠠ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤ ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠣᠷᠣᠯᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠴᠠᠯ ᠳᠤ | ᠪᠠᠰᠠ ᠲᠣᠬᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠯᠲᠠ ᠬᠢᠵᠦ᠂ ᠲᠠᠸᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠦᠢᠯᠭᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠭᠠᠶᠢᠯᠢ᠂ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠠᠶᠢᠯᠢ᠂ ᠠᠯᠪᠠᠨ ᠥᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠣᠷᠣᠯᠭᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠠᠶᠢᠮᠠᠭ ᠲᠤ ᠲᠣᠰ ᠪᠦᠷᠢ | 30%᠂ 50%᠂ 40% ᠪᠠᠷ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠶᠠᠵᠤ ᠥᠭᠬᠦ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠯᠠᠩ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠠᠶᠢᠯᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠴᠠᠯ ᠢ 20% ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ | 30% ᠪᠣᠯᠭᠠᠪᠠ᠃ ᠠᠶᠢᠮᠠᠭ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤ ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠣᠷᠣᠯᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠴᠠᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠨᠡᠯᠢᠶᠡᠳ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠲᠣᠬᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠯᠲᠠ ᠬᠢᠵᠦ᠂ ᠶᠠᠳᠠᠭᠤ | ᠬᠦᠴᠢᠷᠲᠡᠢ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠠᠶᠢᠯᠢ ᠶᠢ 50% ᠪᠠᠷ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠣᠯᠭᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠬᠤᠳᠠᠯᠳᠤᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡᠷᠭᠢᠯᠲᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠠᠶᠢᠯᠢ᠂ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢ | ᠬᠤᠳᠠᠯᠳᠤᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠣᠷᠣᠯᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠠᠶᠢᠯᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠴᠥᠮ 100% ᠪᠠᠷ ᠳᠣᠷᠣᠭᠰᠢ ᠥᠭᠴᠦ᠂ ᠠᠯᠪᠠᠨ ᠵᠢᠭᠡᠯᠡᠯᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠣᠷᠣᠯᠭᠠ᠂ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠯᠠᠩ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠠᠶᠢᠯᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ | ᠣᠷᠣᠯᠭᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠲᠤᠰᠪᠦᠷᠢ 40%᠂ 5% — 25% ᠪᠠᠷ ᠳᠣᠷᠣᠭᠰᠢ ᠥᠭᠴᠦ᠂ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠴᠠᠯ ᠶᠣᠰᠣᠭᠠᠷ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠳᠠᠪᠠ᠃ | 1957 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠥᠪᠥᠷ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠥᠪᠡᠷᠲᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠬᠤ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠨᠢ ᠣᠷᠣᠯᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠴᠠᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠰᠠ ᠲᠣᠬᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠯᠲᠠ ᠬᠢᠵᠦ᠂ | ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠠᠶᠢᠯᠢ ᠪᠠ ᠠᠯᠪᠠᠨ ᠥᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠣᠷᠣᠯᠭᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠪᠦᠬᠦᠨ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤ ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠥᠭᠪᠡ᠃ ᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠠᠶᠢᠮᠠᠭ ᠪᠠ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤ ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠤ | ᠡᠯᠡ ᠲᠥᠷᠥᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠠᠶᠢᠯᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠣᠷᠣᠯᠭᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠴᠠᠯ ᠨᠢ ᠲᠤᠰ ᠪᠦᠷᠢ 60% ᠪᠠ 40% ᠪᠣᠯᠵᠤ᠂ ︽ᠣᠷᠣᠯᠭᠠ ᠵᠠᠷᠤᠯᠭᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠢᠯᠭᠠᠨ᠂ | ᠱᠠᠲᠤ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠬᠠᠮᠢᠶᠠᠷᠬᠤ︾ ᠡᠳ᠋ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠭᠲᠠᠯᠴᠠᠭᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠭᠰᠢᠲᠠ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠪᠡ᠃ | 1958 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠥᠪᠥᠷ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠥᠪᠡᠷᠲᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠬᠤ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠨᠢ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠳ᠋ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠮᠢᠶᠠᠷᠤᠯᠲᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ | ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠯᠴᠠᠭᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠭᠰᠢᠲᠠ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠵᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠭᠠᠯ ᠶᠣᠰᠣᠭᠠᠷ᠂ ︽ᠣᠷᠣᠯᠭᠠ ᠵᠠᠷᠣᠯᠭᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠭᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠥᠪᠡᠷᠲᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠲᠡᠩᠴᠡᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ︾ | ᠬᠠᠮᠢᠶᠠᠷᠤᠯᠲᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠯᠴᠠᠭᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠦᠨ᠂ ᠠᠶᠢᠮᠠᠭ ᠪᠠ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤ ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠠᠮᠢᠶᠠᠷᠤᠯᠲᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡᠷᠬᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠥᠷᠭᠡᠳᠬᠡᠵᠦ᠂ ᠲᠥᠰᠥᠪ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ | ᠥᠪᠡᠷᠲᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠲᠣᠬᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠨ᠂ ᠣᠷᠣᠯᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠳᠠᠪᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠦᠯᠡᠲᠡᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠣᠯ ᠥᠪᠡᠷᠲᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠴᠠᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠪᠣᠯᠣᠨᠠ ᠭᠡᠵᠡᠢ᠃ | ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠳ᠋ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠣᠷᠣᠯᠭᠠ ᠳᠣᠲᠣᠷᠠ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠮᠠᠯ ᠣᠷᠣᠯᠭᠠ᠂ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠬᠤᠶᠢᠯᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠶᠠᠷᠢ ᠣᠷᠣᠯᠭᠠ᠂ | ᠲᠣᠬᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠯᠲᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠶᠠᠷᠢ ᠣᠷᠣᠯᠭᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠳ᠋ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ ᠲᠤ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠶᠠᠷᠢᠯᠠᠨ ᠥᠭᠭᠦᠨᠡ᠂ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠷᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠳᠤ | ᠲᠤᠭᠠᠴᠠᠭᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠬᠤᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠦᠲᠦᠭᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠯᠲᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠦᠢᠳᠬᠡᠯ᠂ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠭᠡᠮ ᠰᠣᠶᠣᠯ ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠥᠮᠥᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠦᠢᠳᠬᠡᠯ᠂ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ ᠵᠠᠬᠢᠷᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ | ᠬᠠᠮᠢᠶᠠᠷᠤᠯᠲᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠦᠢᠳᠬᠡᠯ ᠪᠠ ᠪᠤᠰᠤᠳ ᠶᠡᠷᠦᠳᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠵᠠᠷᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠥᠪᠡᠷᠲᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠬᠤ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠶᠠᠷᠢᠯᠠᠨ ᠥᠭᠴᠦ | ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠮᠠᠯ ᠣᠷᠣᠯᠭᠠ᠂ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠬᠤᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠶᠠᠷᠢ ᠣᠷᠣᠯᠭᠠ᠂ ᠲᠣᠬᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠯᠲᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠶᠠᠷᠢ ᠣᠷᠣᠯᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠳᠣᠲᠣᠷᠠ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠰᠢᠢᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯᠡᠵᠦ | ᠂ ᠥᠪᠡᠷᠲᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠲᠡᠩᠴᠡᠭᠦᠯᠦᠨᠡ᠃ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠬᠦ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠯᠴᠠᠭᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠤᠤᠯ ᠨᠢ ᠲᠠᠪᠤᠨ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠤᠯᠪᠠᠴᠤ ᠠᠵᠤ | ᠠᠬᠤᠶᠢᠯᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠳᠣᠷᠣᠭᠰᠢ ᠦᠭᠭᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠨᠢ ᠣᠯᠠᠨ᠂ ᠡᠳ᠋ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠦᠴᠦᠨ ᠲᠠᠷᠠᠬᠠᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠵᠤ ᠲᠥᠪ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠥᠩᠭᠦᠢ ᠡᠳ᠋ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠦᠴᠦᠨ ᠢ ᠪᠠᠭᠠᠰᠬᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ | ᠵᠥᠪᠬᠡᠨ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠯᠡ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠦᠭᠡᠳ᠂ 1959 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠬᠦ ᠡᠳ᠋ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠮᠢᠶᠠᠷᠤᠯᠲᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠯᠴᠠᠭᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠳᠠᠬᠢᠨᠲᠠ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ | ᠣᠷᠤᠭᠤᠯᠵᠠᠢ᠃ | 1959 ᠣᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ 1960 ᠣᠨ ᠪᠣᠯᠲᠠᠯᠠ᠂ ᠥᠪᠥᠷ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠥᠪᠡᠷᠲᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠬᠤ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠭᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠰᠢᠨᠡ ᠬᠠᠮᠢᠶᠠᠷᠤᠯᠲᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ | ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠯᠴᠠᠭᠠ ᠶᠣᠰᠣᠭᠠᠷ᠂ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠳ᠋ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ ᠨᠢ ︽ᠶᠡᠷᠦᠩᠬᠡᠢ ᠨᠣᠷᠮᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠢᠵᠠᠭᠠᠷᠯᠠᠨ᠂ ᠳᠠᠪᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠣᠷᠣᠯᠭᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠶᠠᠷᠢᠯᠠᠬᠤ︾ | ᠶᠢ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠵᠦ᠂ ᠠᠶᠢᠮᠠᠭ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤ ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠳᠤ ︽ᠣᠷᠣᠯᠭᠠ ᠵᠠᠷᠤᠯᠭᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠪᠦᠬᠦᠨ ᠢ ᠲᠠᠯᠪᠢᠵᠤ᠂ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠲᠦᠯᠲᠡᠢ ᠲᠣᠬᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠨ᠂ ᠳᠠᠪᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ | ᠣᠷᠣᠯᠭᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠶᠠᠷᠢᠯᠠᠨ᠂ ᠵᠠᠷᠤᠯᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠦᠯᠡᠳᠡᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠲᠤ ᠦᠯᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠥᠭᠬᠦ︾ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠪᠡ᠃ 1961 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠠᠶᠢᠮᠠᠭ ᠨᠢ | ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤ ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠰᠠ ︽ᠣᠷᠣᠯᠭᠠ ᠵᠠᠷᠤᠯᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠨᠤᠷᠮᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠭᠠᠨ᠂ ᠶᠡᠷᠦᠩᠬᠡᠢ ᠨᠣᠷᠮᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠶᠠᠷᠢᠯᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠵᠠᠷᠤᠯᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠦᠯᠡᠳᠡᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠶᠢ | ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠲᠤ ᠦᠯᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠥᠭᠴᠦ᠂ ᠳᠠᠪᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠵᠠᠷᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠭᠤᠴᠠᠬᠤ︾ ᠰᠢᠨᠡ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠯᠴᠠᠭᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠪᠡ᠃ | 1966 ᠣᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ 1980 ᠣᠨ ᠪᠣᠯᠲᠠᠯᠠᠬᠢ 15 ᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠵᠤᠤ ᠤᠳᠠ ᠠᠶᠢᠮᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠳ᠋ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠯᠴᠠᠭᠠ ᠨᠢ | ᠣᠯᠠᠨᠲᠠ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠷᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠪᠠ᠃ 1966 ᠣᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ 1971 ᠣᠨ ᠪᠣᠯᠲᠠᠯᠠ᠂ ︽ᠣᠷᠣᠯᠭᠠ ᠵᠠᠷᠤᠯᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠨᠤᠷᠮᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠭᠠᠨ᠂ ᠶᠡᠷᠦᠩᠬᠡᠢ ᠨᠣᠷᠮᠠ ᠶᠢ | ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠶᠠᠷᠢᠯᠠᠬᠤ︾ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠪᠡ᠃ 1967 ᠣᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ 1969 ᠣᠨ ᠪᠣᠯᠲᠠᠯᠠ ︽ᠣᠷᠣᠯᠭᠠ ᠵᠠᠷᠤᠯᠭᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠤᠯᠪᠤᠭᠳᠠᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ᠂ ᠶᠡᠷᠦᠩᠬᠡᠢ ᠨᠣᠷᠮᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ | ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠶᠠᠷᠢᠯᠠᠬᠤ︾ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠦᠨ᠂ 1968 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ︽ᠣᠷᠣᠯᠭᠠ ᠵᠠᠷᠤᠯᠭᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠲᠤᠰ ᠲᠤᠰ ᠲᠤᠨᠢ ᠪᠣᠳᠣᠬᠤ︾ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠪᠡ᠃ 1969 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ | ︽ᠣᠷᠣᠯᠭᠠ ᠵᠠᠷᠤᠯᠭᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠤᠯᠪᠤᠭᠳᠠᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ᠂ ᠶᠡᠷᠦᠩᠬᠡᠢ ᠨᠣᠷᠮᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠶᠠᠷᠢᠯᠠᠬᠤ︾ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠪᠡ᠃ | 1970 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ︽ᠣᠷᠣᠯᠭᠠ ᠵᠠᠷᠤᠯᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠨᠣᠷᠮᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠭᠠᠨ᠂ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠭᠰᠢ ᠲᠤᠰᠢᠶᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠠ ᠵᠥᠷᠢᠶᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠨᠥᠬᠦᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠪᠠᠲᠤᠯᠠᠵᠤ᠂ | ᠣᠷᠣᠯᠭᠠ ᠵᠠᠷᠤᠯᠭᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠭᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠦᠯᠡᠳᠡᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠦᠯᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠬᠦ︾ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠵᠠᠢ᠂ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠬᠦ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠯᠴᠠᠭᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠳ᠋ ᠤᠨ | ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠷᠬᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠶᠡᠬᠡᠳᠬᠡᠵᠦ᠂ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠣᠷᠣᠯᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠨᠡᠮᠡᠭᠳᠡᠭᠦᠯᠵᠦ ᠵᠠᠷᠤᠯᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠠᠷᠪᠢᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠢᠳᠡᠪᠬᠢᠵᠢᠯ ᠢ ᠳᠠᠶᠢᠴᠢᠯᠠᠪᠠ᠃ 1972 | ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ︽ᠣᠷᠣᠯᠭᠠ ᠵᠠᠷᠤᠯᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠨᠣᠷᠮᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠭᠠᠨ᠂ ᠶᠡᠷᠦᠩᠬᠡᠢ ᠨᠣᠷᠮᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠢᠵᠠᠭᠠᠷᠯᠠᠨ᠂ ᠦᠯᠡᠳᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠭᠰᠢ ᠲᠤᠰᠢᠶᠠᠵᠤ᠂ | ᠵᠥᠷᠢᠶᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠨᠥᠬᠦᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯᠡᠨ᠂ ᠦᠯᠡᠳᠡᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠦᠯᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠨ᠂ ᠳᠠᠪᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠣᠷᠣᠯᠭᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠶᠠᠷᠢᠯᠠᠬᠤ︾ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠪᠡ᠃ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠬᠦ | ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠯᠴᠠᠭᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠ ᠵᠤᠤ ᠤᠳᠠ ᠠᠶᠢᠮᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠳ᠋ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠷᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠨᠢ ᠣᠷᠣᠯᠭᠠ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠪᠣᠯᠵᠤ᠂ ᠵᠥᠷᠢᠶᠡ ᠨᠢ | 1971 ᠣᠨ ᠤ 8848 ᠲᠦᠮᠡᠨ ᠲᠥᠭᠦᠷᠢᠭ ᠠᠴᠠ 1972 ᠣᠨ ᠤ 10029 ᠲᠦᠮᠡᠨ ᠲᠥᠭᠦᠷᠢᠭ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ ᠨᠡᠮᠡᠭᠳᠡᠵᠦ᠂ 1973 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ 13030 | ᠲᠦᠮᠡᠨ ᠲᠥᠭᠦᠷᠢᠭ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ ᠨᠡᠮᠡᠭᠳᠡᠪᠡ᠃ 1974 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ︽ᠣᠷᠣᠯᠭᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠴᠠᠯ ᠶᠣᠰᠣᠭᠠᠷ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠶᠠᠷᠢᠯᠠᠨ ᠦᠯᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠵᠦ᠂ | ᠳᠠᠪᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠣᠷᠣᠯᠭᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠠᠰᠲᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠴᠠᠯ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠭᠠᠵᠤ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠶᠠᠷᠢᠯᠠᠨ᠂ ᠵᠠᠷᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠲᠤᠭᠠ ᠨᠣᠷᠮᠠ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠭᠠᠴᠢᠯᠠᠬᠤ︾ | ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠯᠴᠠᠭᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠪᠡ᠃ | 1980 ᠣᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠡᠬᠢᠯᠡᠵᠦ ︽ᠣᠷᠣᠯᠭᠠ ᠵᠠᠷᠣᠯᠭᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠢᠯᠭᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠨᠣᠷᠮᠠ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠨ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠭᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠣᠷᠣᠯᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠨᠡᠮᠡᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠢ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠶᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠲᠠᠪᠤᠠ | ᠵᠢᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠭᠠᠬᠤ︾ ᠡᠳ᠋ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠯᠴᠠᠭᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠪᠡ᠃ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠶᠠᠷᠢᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠴᠠᠯ ᠨᠢ ᠥᠪᠡᠷᠲᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠬᠤ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ | 30% ᠶᠢ ᠲᠤᠰᠢᠶᠠᠨ᠂ ᠠᠶᠢᠮᠠᠭ ᠲᠤ ᠪᠠᠨ 70% ᠶᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠦᠯᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨᠡ᠃ ᠠᠶᠢᠮᠠᠭ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤ ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠪᠠ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠬᠤᠶᠢᠯᠠᠯ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠰ ᠤᠨ | ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠴᠢ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠯᠡᠨ ᠠᠳᠠᠯᠢ ᠪᠤᠰᠤ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠯᠴᠠᠭᠠ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠪᠡ᠃ ᠣᠷᠣᠯᠭᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠵᠠᠷᠣᠯᠭᠠ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ ᠬᠤᠩᠱᠠᠨ | ᠲᠣᠭᠤᠷᠢᠭ ᠲᠤ ︽ᠣᠷᠣᠯᠭᠠ ᠵᠠᠷᠣᠯᠭᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠢᠯᠭᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠶᠡᠷᠦᠩᠬᠡᠢ ᠨᠣᠷᠮᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠪᠣᠳᠣᠵᠤ᠂ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠴᠠᠯ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠭᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠲᠠᠪᠤᠠ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠭᠠᠬᠤ︾ | ᠶᠢ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠪᠡ᠃ ᠡᠳ᠋ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠣᠷᠣᠯᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ 22% ᠢ ᠥᠪᠡᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠦᠯᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠵᠦ᠂ 78% ᠶᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠠᠶᠢᠮᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠳ᠋ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ ᠲᠤ | ᠲᠤᠰᠢᠶᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠵᠠᠢ᠃ 1985 ᠣᠨ ᠤ 1 ᠰᠠᠷᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ 1 ᠤ ᠡᠳᠦᠷ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠡᠬᠢᠯᠡᠵᠦ ᠬᠤᠩᠱᠠᠨ ᠲᠣᠭᠤᠷᠢᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠳ᠋ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠯᠴᠠᠭᠠ ᠳᠤ | ᠲᠣᠬᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠯᠲᠠ ᠬᠢᠵᠦ᠂ ︽ᠣᠷᠣᠯᠭᠠ ᠵᠠᠷᠤᠯᠭᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠢᠨᠠᠨ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠭᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠨᠣᠷᠮᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠭᠰᠢ ᠲᠤᠰᠢᠶᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠥᠪᠡᠷᠲᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠲᠡᠩᠴᠡᠭᠦᠯᠦᠨ᠂ | ᠲᠠᠪᠤᠨ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠭᠠᠬᠤ︾ ᠪᠣᠯᠭᠠᠪᠠ᠃ ᠪᠠᠰᠠ ᠬᠤᠩᠱᠠᠨ ᠲᠣᠭᠤᠷᠢᠭ᠂ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠷᠭᠡ ᠲᠣᠭᠤᠷᠢᠭ᠂ ᠶᠤᠸᠠᠨ ᠪᠤᠤ ᠱᠠᠨ ᠲᠣᠭᠤᠷᠢᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠲᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ | ᠳᠡᠰ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠭᠰᠢᠬᠢ ᠪᠦᠲᠦᠭᠡᠭᠳᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠤ ᠭᠠᠶᠢᠯᠢ᠂ ᠬᠤᠳᠠᠯᠳᠤᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠠᠶᠢᠯᠢ᠂ ᠨᠡᠮᠡᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠥᠷᠲᠡᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠠᠶᠢᠯᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠲᠤ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠤᠲᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠳᠡᠰ ᠤᠨ | ᠣᠷᠣᠯᠭᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠣᠷᠣᠭᠤᠯᠪᠠ᠃ | ᠵᠠᠷᠤᠯᠭᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠣᠷᠣᠯᠭᠠ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ ᠨᠢᠩᠴᠧᠩ ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠨ᠂ ᠣᠩᠨᠢᠭᠤᠳ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤ᠂ ᠠᠤᠬᠠᠨ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤ᠂ ᠬᠠᠷᠠᠴᠢᠨ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤ᠂ ᠯᠢᠨᠰᠢ | ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠨ᠂ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠷᠭᠡ ᠲᠣᠭᠤᠷᠢᠭ᠂ ᠬᠡᠰᠢᠭᠲᠡᠨ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤ᠂ ᠠᠷᠤ ᠬᠤᠷᠴᠢᠨ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤ᠂ ᠪᠠᠭᠠᠷᠢᠨ ᠵᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ 9 ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤ ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠳᠤ ︽ᠣᠷᠣᠯᠭᠠ | ᠵᠠᠷᠣᠯᠭᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠢᠯᠭᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠨᠣᠷᠮᠠ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠨ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠭᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠣᠷᠣᠯᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠨᠡᠮᠡᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠢ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠶᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠲᠠᠪᠤᠠ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠭᠠᠬᠤ︾ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠯᠴᠠᠭᠠ ᠶᠢ | ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠵᠦ᠂ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠣᠷᠣᠯᠭᠠ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠨᠡᠮᠡᠭᠳᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠬᠡᠰᠡᠭ ᠢ ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠠ ᠳᠣᠯᠤᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠶᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠭᠠᠪᠠ᠃ ᠳᠠᠷᠤᠢ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤ ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠨ | ᠲᠣᠭᠤᠷᠢᠭ 70% ᠶᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠦᠯᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠵᠦ᠂ 30% ᠶᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠭᠰᠢ ᠲᠤᠰᠢᠶᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠳᠠᠬᠢᠵᠤ 10% ᠪᠠᠷ ᠥᠭᠰᠥᠨ ᠨᠡᠮᠡᠭᠳᠡᠬᠦ ᠨᠥᠬᠦᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠨᠡᠮᠡᠨᠡ᠃ | ᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠬᠤᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠷᠢ ᠨᠡᠯᠢᠶᠡᠳ ᠪᠠᠭᠤᠷᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠭᠠᠷᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ︽ᠲᠤᠰᠠᠭᠠᠷ ᠲᠣᠭᠠᠴᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠨᠣᠷᠮᠠ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠭᠠᠯᠭᠠᠵᠤ᠂ | ᠥᠪᠡᠷᠲᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠲᠡᠩᠴᠡᠭᠦᠯᠦᠨ ᠲᠠᠪᠤᠨ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠭᠠᠬᠤ︾ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠦᠨ᠂ ᠣᠷᠣᠯᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠨᠡᠮᠡᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠬᠡᠰᠡᠭ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠪᠦᠬᠦᠨ ᠢ ᠦᠯᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ | ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠵᠦ᠂ ᠳᠠᠬᠢᠨ 10% ᠪᠠᠷ ᠥᠭᠰᠥᠨ ᠨᠡᠮᠡᠭᠳᠡᠬᠦ ᠨᠥᠬᠦᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠨᠡᠮᠡᠵᠡᠢ᠃ | ᠬᠤᠲᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠ ᠣᠯᠵᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠬᠤᠶᠢᠯᠠᠯ ᠳᠤ ︽ᠣᠷᠣᠯᠭᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠢᠨᠠᠨ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠭᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠨᠡᠮᠡᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠢ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠶᠠᠷᠢᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠠ ᠲᠥᠯᠥᠪᠯᠡᠭᠡ ᠠᠴᠠ | ᠳᠠᠪᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠢ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠶᠠᠷᠢᠯᠠᠬᠤ︾ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠵᠦ᠂ ᠠᠯᠳᠠᠭᠳᠠᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠬᠤᠶᠢᠯᠠᠯ ᠳᠤ ︽ᠠᠯᠳᠠᠭᠳᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠭᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠬᠡᠲᠦᠷᠡᠲᠡᠯᠡ ᠠᠯᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠢ ᠨᠢ | ᠨᠥᠬᠦᠬᠦ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠠᠯᠳᠠᠭᠳᠠᠯ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠭᠠᠰᠬᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠣᠯ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠶᠠᠷᠢᠯᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠲᠠᠪᠤᠨ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠭᠠᠬᠤ︾ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠪᠡ᠃ ᠠᠵᠤ | ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠬᠤᠶᠢᠯᠠᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠣᠯᠵᠤ ᠠᠯᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠵᠠᠭᠠᠭ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠬᠤᠶᠢᠯᠠᠯ ᠳᠤ ︽ᠣᠯᠵᠤ ᠠᠯᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠥᠪᠡᠷᠲᠡᠭᠡᠨ | ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠭᠤᠴᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠠᠰᠢᠭ ᠣᠯᠵᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠣᠯ ᠠᠮᠢᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠠᠪᠬᠤ︾ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠦᠨ᠂ ᠠᠰᠢᠭ ᠬᠤᠨᠵᠢᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠪᠠᠭᠠ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠴᠢ ᠪᠣᠯ ᠠᠰᠢᠭ | ᠣᠷᠣᠯᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠳᠠᠪᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠬᠡᠰᠡᠭ ᠢ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠨ ᠳᠤᠨᠢ ᠥᠭᠴᠦ᠂ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠨᠣᠷᠮᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠨᠥᠬᠦᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠥᠭᠴᠦ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠴᠢ ᠳᠤ | ︽ᠣᠷᠣᠯᠭᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠭᠠᠨ᠂ ᠵᠠᠷᠣᠯᠭᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠭᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠨᠥᠬᠦᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠭᠠᠨ᠂ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠤᠳᠠᠭᠠ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠭᠠᠬᠤ︾ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠵᠦ᠂ | ᠪᠦᠲᠦᠨ ᠨᠤᠷᠮᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠨᠥᠬᠦᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ ᠵᠠᠬᠢᠷᠭᠠᠨ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠴᠢ ᠳᠤ ︽ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠨᠣᠷᠮᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠭᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠦᠯᠡᠳᠡᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠶᠢ | ᠦᠯᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠵᠦ᠂ ᠳᠠᠪᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠵᠠᠷᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠨᠥᠬᠦᠪᠥᠷᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ᠂ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠭᠠᠬᠤ︾ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠪᠡ᠃ | 1985 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠥᠪᠡᠷᠲᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠬᠤ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠠᠶᠢᠮᠠᠭ ᠬᠤᠲᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠱᠠᠲᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ︽ᠣᠷᠣᠯᠭᠠ ᠵᠠᠷᠣᠯᠭᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠢᠯᠭᠠᠨ᠂ ᠳᠡᠰ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠶᠠᠨ | ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠭᠠᠬᠤ︾ ᠡᠳ᠋ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠮᠢᠶᠠᠷᠤᠯᠲᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠯᠴᠠᠭᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠪᠡ᠃ ᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨᠬᠠᠳᠠ ᠬᠤᠲᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠵᠠᠷᠤᠯᠭᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠣᠷᠣᠯᠭᠠ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ | ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠯᠠᠭᠳᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ︽ᠣᠷᠣᠯᠭᠠ ᠵᠠᠷᠤᠯᠭᠠ ᠢ ᠬᠢᠨᠠᠨ ᠲᠤᠭᠲᠠᠭᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠲᠤᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠨᠥᠬᠦᠵᠦ᠂ ᠳᠠᠪᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠣᠷᠣᠯᠭᠠ ᠶᠢ | ᠦᠯᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠵᠦ᠂ ᠥᠪᠡᠷᠲᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠲᠡᠩᠴᠡᠭᠦᠯᠦᠨ᠂ ᠲᠠᠪᠤᠨ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠭᠠᠬᠤ︾ ᠡᠳ᠋ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠮᠢᠶᠠᠷᠤᠯᠲᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠯᠴᠠᠭᠠ ᠶᠢ | ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠪᠡ᠃ ᠪᠠᠰᠠ 10% ᠪᠠᠷ ᠥᠭᠰᠥᠨ ᠨᠡᠮᠡᠭᠳᠡᠬᠦ ᠨᠥᠬᠦᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠥᠯᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠪᠡ᠃ ᠬᠤᠲᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤ ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠲᠣᠭᠤᠷᠢᠭ ᠲᠤ ᠪᠠᠰᠠ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠬᠦ ᠡᠳ᠋ ᠤᠨ | ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠯᠴᠠᠭᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠪᠡ᠃ | 1988 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠥᠪᠡᠷᠲᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠬᠤ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠨᠢ ᠠᠶᠢᠮᠠᠭ ᠬᠤᠲᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡᠳ᠋ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠣᠷᠣᠯᠭᠠ ᠵᠠᠷᠤᠯᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠣᠬᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠯᠲᠠ | ᠬᠢᠪᠡ᠃ ᠳᠠᠷᠤᠢ᠄ 1988 ᠣᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠡᠬᠢᠯᠡᠵᠦ᠂ ᠥᠪᠡᠷᠲᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠬᠤ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠨᠢ ᠰᠢᠭᠤᠳ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠬᠤᠶᠢᠯᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠰᠢᠶᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠲᠡᠷᠭᠡ | ᠬᠥᠰᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠠᠶᠢᠯᠢ᠂ ᠭᠡᠷ ᠬᠥᠷᠥᠩᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠠᠶᠢᠯᠢ ᠪᠠ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠰᠢᠭᠤᠳ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠ ᠬᠤᠳᠠᠯᠳᠤᠭᠠ᠂ ᠡᠳ᠋ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠ᠂ ᠴᠢᠯᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠲᠣᠰᠣ᠂ ᠡᠮ ᠡᠮᠨᠡᠯᠭᠡ᠂ | ᠠᠵᠤ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠬᠠᠩᠭᠠᠨ ᠪᠣᠷᠣᠯᠠᠭᠤᠯᠭᠠ᠂ ᠰᠣᠶᠣᠯ ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠥᠮᠥᠵᠢᠯ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠬᠤᠶᠢᠯᠠᠯ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠲᠤᠰᠢᠶᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠥᠭᠡᠮ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ | ᠬᠤᠳᠠᠯᠳᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠡᠵᠡᠩᠨᠡᠯᠲᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠠᠶᠢᠯᠢ ᠪᠠ ᠬᠤᠲᠠ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠨ ᠰᠡᠯᠪᠢᠬᠦ ᠰᠦᠢᠳᠬᠡᠯ ᠢ ᠠᠶᠢᠮᠠᠭ ᠬᠤᠲᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠥᠭᠴᠦ ᠬᠠᠮᠢᠶᠠᠷᠤᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠳ᠂ ᠠᠶᠢᠮᠠᠭ ᠬᠤᠲᠠ ︵ | ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤ ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠲᠣᠭᠤᠷᠢᠭ︶ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠥᠰᠥᠪ ᠳᠠᠬᠢ ᠣᠷᠣᠯᠭᠠ ᠪᠣᠯᠭᠠᠨ᠂ ᠠᠶᠢᠮᠠᠭ ᠬᠤᠲᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠭᠠᠴᠢᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠷᠢ ᠲᠤᠭᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠰᠲᠠᠢ | ᠲᠣᠬᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠯᠲᠠ ᠬᠢᠵᠦ᠂ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠲᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠲᠣᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ 10% ᠪᠠᠷ ᠥᠭᠰᠥᠨ ᠨᠡᠮᠡᠭᠳᠡᠬᠦ ᠨᠥᠬᠦᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠭᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠬᠦᠴᠦᠨ | ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠭᠠᠪᠠ᠃ ᠪᠠᠰᠠ ᠲᠦᠪ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠳ᠋ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠣᠷᠤᠨ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠳ᠋ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ ᠲᠤ ᠵᠢᠭᠡᠯᠡᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ ᠵᠣᠭᠤᠰ ᠢ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠷᠢ ᠲᠤᠭᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠨᠢ | ᠬᠠᠰᠤᠬᠤ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠪᠠ᠂ ᠪᠦᠬᠦ ᠬᠤᠲᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠡᠳ᠋ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠦᠬᠦᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠶᠢ 3545 ᠲᠦᠮᠡᠨ ᠲᠦᠭᠦᠷᠢᠭ ᠪᠠᠭᠠᠰᠬᠠᠪᠠ᠃ ᠮᠥᠨ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠳᠤ | ᠥᠪᠡᠷᠲᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠬᠤ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠨᠢ ᠪᠠᠰᠠ ᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨᠬᠠᠳᠠ ᠬᠤᠲᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠣᠷᠣᠯᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠨᠡᠮᠡᠭᠳᠡᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠦᠴᠢᠷ ᠪᠣᠯᠣᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠬᠡᠰᠡᠭ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤ ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠳᠤ 465 | ᠲᠦᠮᠡᠨ ᠲᠥᠭᠦᠷᠢᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠥᠬᠦᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠨᠡᠮᠡᠨ ᠥᠭᠴᠦ᠂ 1989 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ 1 290 ᠲᠦᠮᠡᠨ ᠲᠥᠭᠦᠷᠢᠭ ᠨᠡᠮᠡᠵᠦ ᠥᠭᠪᠡ᠃ 1990 ᠣᠨ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ | ᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨᠬᠠᠳᠠ ᠬᠤᠲᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠮᠥᠨ ᠯᠡ ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠳᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠭᠠᠴᠢᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠤᠭᠲᠠᠭᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠡᠳ᠋ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠯᠴᠠᠭᠠ ᠶᠢ | ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠵᠦ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠪᠠ᠃ | |