| ᠬᠠᠨ ᠯᠢᠨ ᠹᠦ᠋ （1900-1934） | | ᠬᠠᠨ ᠯᠢᠨ ᠹᠦ᠋ ᠂ ᠥᠭᠡᠷᠡ ᠨᠡᠷᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠠᠨ ᡁᠢ ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠩ ᠂ | ᠡᠷᠭᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠨᠡᠷᠡ ᠷᠦᠢ ᠡᠦ ᠂ ᠡᠷᠡᠭᠲᠡᠶ ᠂ ᠬᠢᠲᠠᠳ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠲᠡᠨ | ᠂ 1900 ᠣᠨ ᠤ 2 ᠰᠠᠷᠠ ᠳᠦ ᠥᠪᠥᠷ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨᠬᠠᠳᠠ | ᠬᠣᠲᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠶᠤᠸᠠᠨ ᠪᠦᠦ ᠱᠠᠨ ᠲᠣᠭᠣᠷᠢᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠹᠧᠩ ᠱᠦᠢ ᠭᠧᠤ | ᠪᠠᠯᠭᠠᠰᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠠᠷᠠᠮᠣᠳᠣ ᠲᠣᠰᠬᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠴᠢᠨ ᠤ | ᠭᠡᠷ ᠲᠦ ᠲᠥᠷᠥᠪᠡ ᠃ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦᠰ ᠦᠨ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠨᠢ ᠱᠠᠨ ᠰᠢ | ᠮᠤᠵᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠢᠥᠢ ᠼᠢ ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠫᠸᠢ ᠯᠢᠨ ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠩ ᠤᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠦᠩ ᠰᠣ᠋ | ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠤᠨ᠃ | ᠪᠠᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠦᠶᠡᠰ ᠬᠠᠨ ᠯᠢᠨ ᠹᠦ᠋ ᠲᠤᠰ ᠲᠣᠰᠬᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠡᠷ ᠦᠨ | ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠣᠶᠠᠷ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ᠦᠵᠡᠵᠡᠢ᠃ ᠲᠡᠷᠡ | ᠵᠢᠶᠠᠨᠫᠢᠩ ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠰᠢᠨᠠᠴᠤᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠭᠠ ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠳᠦ | ᠥᠨᠳᠥᠷ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠭᠠ ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠤᠩᠰᠢᠵᠤ ᠂ 1916 | ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠢᠶᠠᠨᠵᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠰᠢᠭᠤᠳ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠳᠦᠭᠡᠷ | ᠳᠤᠮᠳᠠᠳᠤ ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠳᠤ ᠰᠢᠯᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠣᠷᠣᠵᠤ | ᠰᠤᠷᠤᠯᠴᠠᠵᠠᠶ᠃ 1919 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠢᠶᠠᠨᠵᠢᠨ ᠳᠤ ︽ᠲᠠᠪᠤᠨ | ᠰᠠᠷᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠳᠥᠷᠪᠡᠨ︾ ᠦ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠳᠦ ᠤᠷᠤᠯᠴᠠᠵᠤ᠂ | ᠰᠤᠷᠤᠭᠴᠢᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠳᠠᠪᠰᠢᠩᠭᠤᠶ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠯᠲᠠ《 | ᠰᠢᠨᠡ ᠠᠮᠢᠯᠠᠯ ᠬᠣᠷᠢᠶᠠ 》᠂《 ᠭᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡᠯ ᠬᠤᠷᠢᠶᠠ》 ᠶᠢ | ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠂ 《 ᠰᠢᠨᠡ ᠠᠮᠢᠯᠠᠯ 》 ᠂ 《 ᠭᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡᠯ》 | ᠰᠡᠳᠬᠦᠯ ᠢ ᠡᠭᠦᠳᠦᠨ ᠡᠷᠭᠢᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠥᠭᠡᠳ ᠭᠣᠣᠯᠯᠠᠨ | ᠨᠠᠶᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ᠂ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠶ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠦᠶᠡ ᠳᠦ ᠵᠧᠦ ᠡᠸ᠋ᠨ ᠯᠠᠶ ᠶᠢᠨ | ᠡᠭᠦᠳᠦᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ《 ᠤᠬᠠᠮᠰᠠᠷᠠᠯ ᠬᠣᠷᠢᠶᠠ 》 ᠪᠠ 《 | ᠤᠬᠠᠮᠰᠠᠷᠠᠯ 》 ᠰᠡᠳᠬᠦᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠲᠤ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠰᠢᠨᠡ ᠦᠵᠡᠯ | ᠰᠠᠨᠠᠭᠠ ᠂ ᠰᠢᠨᠡ ᠰᠣᠶᠣᠯ ᠢ ᠰᠤᠷᠲᠠᠯᠴᠢᠯᠠᠵᠤ ᠳᠠᠪᠰᠢᠩᠭᠤᠶ | ᠵᠠᠯᠠᠭᠤᠴᠤᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠬᠦᠷᠢᠶᠡᠯᠡᠯ ᠢ ᠤᠯᠵᠠᠢ ᠃ ᠬᠠᠨ ᠯᠢᠨ | ᠹᠦ᠋ ᠦᠷᠭᠦᠯᠵᠢ 《 ᠤᠯᠠᠨ ᠲᠦᠮᠡᠨ ᠦ ᠰᠣᠨᠢᠨ 》᠂ 《 ᠲᠥᠷᠥ ᠳᠦ | ᠲᠤᠰᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠰᠣᠨᠢᠨ 》 ᠳᠤ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠯ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠵᠦ ᠂ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠦ | ᠦᠵᠡᠯ ᠰᠠᠨᠠᠭᠠ ᠰᠢᠨᠡ ᠰᠡᠪᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠂ ᠦᠭᠡ ᠥᠭᠦᠯᠡᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠨᠢ | ᠤᠷᠤᠰᠤᠮᠠ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠬᠠᠨ ᠲᠤᠯᠠ ᠤᠩᠰᠢᠭᠴᠢᠳ ᠲᠤ ᠶᠡᠬᠡ | ᠬᠦᠷᠢᠶᠡᠯᠡᠭᠳᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠵᠠᠢ᠃ ᠯᠢ ᠳ᠋ᠡ ᠵᠤᠤ ᠰᠤᠷᠤᠭᠴᠢᠳ ᠤᠨ | ᠳᠠᠪᠰᠢᠩᠭᠤᠶ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠯᠲᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠮᠠᠰᠢ | ᠬᠦᠨᠳᠦᠳᠬᠡᠨ ᠦᠵᠡᠵᠦ ᠂ 1920 ᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠨᠠᠮᠤᠷ《 ᠰᠢᠨᠡ ᠠᠮᠢᠯᠠᠯ | ᠬᠤᠷᠢᠶᠠ》 ᠶᠢ《 ᠮᠠᠷᠺᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠵᠡᠯ ᠢ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠡᠪᠯᠡᠯ 》 | ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠬᠠᠯᠠᠵᠠᠢ᠃ ᠬᠠᠨ ᠯᠢᠨ ᠹᠦ᠋ ᠲᠢᠶᠠᠨᠵᠢᠨ ᠬᠤᠳᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ | ᠰᠤᠷᠤᠭᠴᠢᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠣᠯᠪᠣᠭᠠᠲᠤ ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠳᠡᠳ᠋ | ᠳᠠᠷᠤᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠰᠤᠩᠭᠤᠭᠳᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠲᠢᠶᠠᠨᠵᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠰᠤᠷᠤᠭᠴᠢᠳ ᠢ | ᠤᠳᠤᠷᠢᠳᠴᠤ ᠰᠦᠷᠲᠦ ᠵᠢᠭᠰᠠᠭᠠᠯ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠭᠤᠶᠤᠳᠠᠯ | ᠭᠠᠷᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠳᠦ ᠣᠷᠣᠯᠴᠠᠵᠠᠢ ᠃ 1920 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠠᠨ | ᠯᠢᠨ ᠹᠦ᠋ ᠲᠢᠶᠠᠨᠵᠢᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠭᠡᠮ ᠵᠢᠷᠦᠮᠲᠦ | ᠵᠠᠯᠠᠭᠤᠴᠤᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠪᠯᠡᠯ ᠳᠦ ᠣᠷᠣᠵᠤ᠂ 1923 ᠣᠨ ᠤ1 ᠰᠠᠷᠠ ᠳᠤ | ᠯᠢ ᠳ᠋ᠡ ᠵᠤᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠠᠨᠢᠯᠴᠠᠭᠤᠯᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠳᠤᠮᠳᠠᠳᠤ | ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠪ ᠬᠠᠮᠲᠤ ᠨᠠᠮ ᠳᠤ ᠣᠷᠣᠵᠤ ᠂ ᠪᠠᠰᠠ ᠯᠢ ᠳ᠋ᠡ ᠵᠤᠤ ᠂ | ᠵᠠᠩ ᠲᠠᠶ ᠯᠸᠢ ᠂ ᠯᠦᠸ᠋ᠸ ᠵᠠᠩ ᠯᠦᠡᠭ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠬᠥᠮᠦᠰ ᠦᠨ | ᠡᠷᠬᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠯᠳᠤᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠲᠡᠨ ᠦ | ᠠᠰᠠᠭᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠯ ᠳᠦ ᠤᠷᠤᠯᠴᠠᠪᠠ᠃ ᠲᠤᠰ | ᠵᠢᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠡᠷᠡ ᠳ᠋ᠧᠩ ᠵᠥᠩ ᠰᠢᠶᠠ ᠂ ᠯᠢ ᠪᠦᠸ᠋ᠸ ᠬᠠᠶ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ | ᠬᠥᠮᠦᠰ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠲᠤ ᠪᠡᠭᠡᠵᠢᠩ ᠦᠨ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠲᠥᠪᠡᠳ ᠦᠨ | ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠣᠮᠢᠯᠠᠭᠳᠠᠨ ᠣᠴᠢᠵᠤ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠭᠠ | ᠥᠷᠨᠢᠭᠦᠯᠦᠨ᠂ ᠲᠡᠳᠡᠨ ᠦ ᠲᠠᠨᠢᠯᠴᠠᠭᠤᠯᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠶᠦᠨ ᠽᠸ （ | ᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨᠬᠦᠦ ）᠂ ᠺᠦᠢ ᠪᠢ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠪᠠᠭᠲᠠᠭᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ | ᠪᠦᠯᠦᠭ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠳᠠᠪᠰᠢᠩᠭᠤᠶ ᠵᠠᠯᠠᠭᠤᠴᠤᠳ ᠢ ᠳᠤᠮᠳᠠᠳᠤ | ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠪ ᠬᠠᠮᠲᠤ ᠵᠠᠯᠠᠭᠤᠴᠤᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠪᠯᠡᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠡᠯᠰᠡᠵᠡᠢ（ | ᠰᠡᠭᠦᠯᠡᠷ ᠨᠢ ᠳᠤᠮᠳᠠᠳᠤ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠪ ᠬᠠᠮᠲᠤ ᠨᠠᠮ ᠤᠨ | ᠭᠡᠰᠢᠭᠦᠨ ᠢᠶᠡᠷ ᠡᠯᠰᠡᠵᠡᠢ ）᠃ ᠬᠠᠨ ᠯᠢᠨ ᠹᠦ᠋ ᠳᠤᠮᠳᠠᠳᠤ | ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠪ ᠬᠠᠮᠲᠤ ᠨᠠᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠤᠮᠠᠷᠠᠲᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠣᠷᠢᠶᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ | ᠭᠣᠮᠢᠨᠳᠠᠩ ᠡᠪ ᠬᠠᠮᠲᠤ ᠨᠠᠮ ᠬᠣᠶᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠮᠲᠤᠷᠠᠨ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠬᠤ | ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠢ ᠬᠢᠵᠦ ᠂ 1924 ᠣᠨ ᠤ 1 ᠰᠠᠷᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠭᠤᠸᠠᠩᠵᠧᠦ ᠳᠦ | ᠭᠣᠮᠢᠨᠳᠠᠩ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠩᠬᠠᠳᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠤᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠥᠯᠥᠭᠡᠯᠡᠭᠴᠢᠳ ᠦᠨ | ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠯ ᠳᠦ ᠤᠷᠤᠯᠴᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠲᠥᠪ ᠬᠣᠷᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠣᠷᠣᠯᠠᠭᠴᠢ | ᠭᠦᠢᠴᠡᠳᠬᠡᠬᠦ ᠭᠡᠰᠢᠭᠦᠨ ᠢᠶᠡᠷ ᠰᠣᠩᠭᠣᠭᠳᠠᠪᠠ ᠃ ᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠡᠴᠡ | ᠬᠣᠶᠢᠰᠢ᠂ ᠤᠮᠠᠷᠠᠲᠤ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠰᠬᠠᠯᠲᠤ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠭᠠ | ᠬᠢᠵᠦ᠂ ᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨᠬᠠᠳᠠ ᠂ ᠴᠧᠩᠳ᠋ᠧ ᠂ ᠲᠢᠶᠠᠨᠵᠢᠨ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ | ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠥᠷᠨᠢᠭᠦᠯᠵᠦ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠪᠠ᠃ 1925 ᠣᠨ ᠤ | ᠨᠠᠮᠤᠷ ᠵᠠᠷᠯᠢᠭ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠭᠤᠸᠠᠩᠵᠧᠦ ᠳᠦ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠵᠤ᠂ | ᠬᠤᠸᠠᠡᠭ᠋ᠫᠦ᠋ ᠵᠢᠨ ᠴᠡᠷᠢᠭ ᠦᠨ ᠳᠠᠷᠤᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ | ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠲᠦᠷᠦ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠭᠴᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ | ᠤᠷᠢᠭᠳᠠᠪᠠ᠃ ᠲᠤᠰ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠡᠪᠦᠯ ᠴᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠯᠳᠦ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠯᠭᠠ ᠳᠤ | ᠥᠪᠥᠷ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠴᠢᠨ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠴᠢᠨ ᠴᠡᠷᠢᠭ ᠦᠨ ᠶᠡᠬᠡ | ᠬᠣᠯᠪᠣᠭᠠ ᠲᠥᠯᠥᠭᠡᠯᠡᠭᠴᠢᠳ ᠦᠨ ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠯ ᠲᠤᠮᠤ | ᠬᠣᠯᠪᠣᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠥᠪ ᠬᠣᠷᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠭᠦᠢᠴᠡᠳᠬᠡᠬᠦ ᠬᠣᠷᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠤ | ᠳᠡᠳ᠋ ᠱᠦᠵᠢ ᠰᠣᠩᠭᠣᠭᠳᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠯᠢ ᠳ᠋ᠡ ᠵᠤᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠵᠢᠨ ᠹᠸᠩ | ᠢᠦᠶ ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠩ ᠤᠨ ᠴᠡᠷᠢᠭ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠳᠦᠮᠡᠯ ᠹᠷᠣᠨᠲ᠋ ᠤᠨ | ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠢ ᠴᠢᠩᠭᠠᠳᠬᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠰᠦᠢᠶᠤᠸᠠᠨ᠂ ᠴᠠᠬᠠᠷ᠂ ᠷᠸᠾᠸ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ | ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠰᠬᠠᠯᠲᠤ ᠲᠡᠮᠡᠴᠡᠯ ᠢ ᠢᠳᠡᠪᠬᠢᠲᠡᠶ | ᠥᠷᠨᠢᠭᠦᠯᠵᠦ᠂ ᠤᠷᠢᠳ ᠬᠣᠵᠢᠳ ᠰᠦᠢᠶᠤᠸᠠᠨ᠂ ᠴᠠᠬᠠᠷ᠂ ᠷᠸᠾᠸ ᠂ | ᠪᠤᠭᠤᠲᠤ ᠲᠦᠷᠪᠡᠨ ᠮᠤᠵᠢ ᠋ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠬᠣᠷᠢᠶᠠ（ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠬᠤ | ᠬᠣᠷᠢᠶᠠ ︶ ᠶᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠵᠠᠢ᠃ 1926 ᠣᠨ ᠤ 1 ᠰᠠᠷᠠ ᠳᠤ | ᠭᠤᠸᠠᠩᠵᠧᠦ ᠳᠦ ᠭᠣᠮᠢᠨᠳᠠᠩ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠣᠶᠠᠳᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠶᠡᠬᠡ | ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠣᠷᠣᠯᠴᠠᠵᠤ ᠂ ᠲᠥᠪ ᠬᠣᠷᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠣᠷᠣᠯᠠᠭᠴᠢ | ᠭᠦᠢᠴᠡᠳᠬᠡᠬᠦ ᠭᠡᠰᠢᠭᠦᠨ ᠢᠶᠡᠷ ᠦᠷᠭᠦᠯᠵᠢᠯᠡᠨ | ᠰᠣᠩᠭᠣᠭᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠮᠥᠷᠲᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠭᠤᠸᠠᠩᠳᠦ᠋ᠩ ᠦᠨ ᠢᠷᠭᠡᠨ ᠦ | ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠣᠷᠳᠣᠨ ᠳᠦ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠵᠠᠢ ᠃ ᠤᠮᠠᠷᠠᠰᠢ ᠳᠠᠶᠢᠯᠠᠬᠤ | ᠳᠠᠢᠢᠨ ᠦ ᠳᠤᠮᠳᠠ ᠦᠬᠠᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠥᠷᠥᠵᠡᠢ᠃ 1927 ᠣᠨ ᠤ 《 ᠳᠥᠷᠪᠡᠨ | ᠰᠠᠷᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠷᠪᠠᠨ ᠬᠣᠶᠠᠷ 》 ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠰᠬᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠰᠡᠷᠭᠦᠦ | ᠲᠦᠷᠦ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠰᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠ ᠂ ᠭᠣᠮᠢᠨᠳᠠᠩ ᠤᠨ 16 | ᠮᠤᠵᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠨᠠᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠬᠢᠷᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠥᠯᠥᠭᠡᠯᠡᠭᠴᠢᠳ ᠦᠨ | ᠦᠬᠠᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠭᠠ ᠬᠠᠮᠲᠤᠷᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭ ᠡᠷᠬᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ | ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠯᠲᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠳᠤ | ᠣᠷᠣᠯᠴᠠᠵᠠᠢ᠃ ᠤᠮᠠᠷᠠᠰᠢ ᠳᠠᠶᠢᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠲᠠᠢᠢᠨ ᠢᠯᠠᠭᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠤ | ᠲᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠ ᠨᠠᠨᠴᠠᠩ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠣᠰᠣᠯᠭᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠣᠷᠣᠯᠴᠠᠵᠤ ᠂ | ᠪᠣᠰᠣᠯᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠴᠡᠷᠢᠭ ᠲᠡᠶ ᠡᠮᠦᠨᠡᠰᠢ ᠳᠠᠶᠢᠯᠠᠨ ᠴᠤᠤᠱᠠᠨ | ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠦᠷᠴᠡᠢ᠃ ᠡᠪᠡᠳᠴᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡᠳ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠴᠢᠳ ᠤᠨ | ᠭᠡᠷ ᠲᠦ ᠳᠠᠯᠳᠠᠯᠠᠨ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠵᠤ ᠂ ᠰᠡᠭᠦᠯᠡᠷ ᠵᠠᠮ ᠣᠷᠢᠶᠠᠵᠤ | ᠲᠢᠶᠠᠨᠵᠢᠨ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠪᠤᠴᠠᠵᠠᠢ᠃ 1928 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠷᠸᠾᠧ ᠂ | ᠯᠢᠶᠣᠤᠨᠢᠩ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠢᠯᠢ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠤ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠴᠢᠳ ᠢ ᠲᠠᠢᠢᠴᠢᠯᠠᠨ | ᠵᠡᠪᠰᠡᠭᠲᠦ ᠲᠡᠮᠡᠴᠡᠯ ᠥᠷᠨᠢᠭᠦᠯᠵᠦ᠂ ᠮᠥᠨ ᠪᠸᠢᠢᠫᠢᠶᠣᠣ ᠵᠢᠨ | ᠠᠭᠤᠷᠬᠠᠶ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠭᠠ ᠥᠷᠨᠢᠭᠦᠯᠵᠡᠢ᠃ | ᠰᠡᠭᠦᠯᠡᠷ ᠨᠢ ᠳᠠᠬᠢᠨ ᠱᠠᠩᠬᠠᠶ ᠳᠤ ᠨᠠᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠥᠪ ᠬᠣᠷᠢᠶᠠ ᠶᠢ | ᠡᠷᠢᠨ ᠣᠴᠢᠵᠤ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠢᠭᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠠᠪᠴᠠᠢ᠃ 4 ᠰᠠᠷᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠂ | ᠨᠠᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠥᠪ ᠬᠣᠷᠢᠶᠠ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠳᠤᠮᠳᠠᠳᠤ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠪ ᠬᠠᠮᠲᠤ | ᠨᠠᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠱᠦᠨ ᡁᠢ ᠮᠤᠵᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠨᠠᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠣᠷᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠤ | ᠤᠳᠤᠷᠢᠳᠤᠯᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠳᠣᠣᠷᠠ ᠥᠪᠥᠷ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠣᠨᠴᠠᠭᠠᠶ | ᠡᠭᠦᠷ （ ᠰᠡᠭᠦᠯᠡᠷ ᠨᠢ ᠣᠨᠴᠠᠭᠠᠶ ᠬᠣᠷᠢᠶᠠ ）ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ᠂ | ᠬᠠᠨ ᠯᠢᠨ ᠹᠦ᠋ ᠱᠦᠵᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠤᠰᠢᠶᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠭᠤᠴᠠᠵᠤ ᠂ | ᠷᠸᠾᠸ᠂ ᠰᠦᠢᠶᠣᠸᠠᠨ ᠂ ᠴᠠᠬᠠᠷ ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠠᠨ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠠᠮ ᠤᠨ | ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠯᠲᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠦᠭᠡᠨ ᠬᠥᠭᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠵᠦ ᠶᠢ | ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠭᠤᠴᠠᠭᠤᠯᠵᠠᠢ᠃ ᠲᠤᠰ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠵᠤᠨ ᠪᠸᠢᠢᠫᠢᠶᠣᠣ ᠂ | ᠴᠤᠤᠶᠠᠩ ᠳᠤ ᠣᠴᠢᠵᠤ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠴᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠢ | ᠥᠷᠨᠢᠭᠦᠯᠪᠡ ᠃ 6 ᠰᠠᠷᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠂ ᠱᠦᠨ ᡁᠢ ᠮᠤᠵᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠣᠷᠢᠶᠠ | ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠢ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠯᠲᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠠᠬᠢᠯᠭᠠ | ᠪᠠᠲᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠵᠥᠷᠢᠴᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠢᠶᠡᠷ ᠨᠠᠮ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠯᠭᠠᠵᠤ 6 | ᠰᠠᠷᠠ ᠬᠢᠨᠠᠨ ᠦᠵᠡᠬᠦ ᠪᠥᠭᠡᠳ ᠣᠨᠴᠠᠭᠠᠢ ᠬᠣᠷᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠤ | ᠱᠦᠵᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠤᠰᠢᠶᠠᠯ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠣᠭᠴᠣᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠲᠥᠪ | ᠬᠣᠷᠢᠶᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠵᠥᠪᠰᠢᠶᠡᠷᠡᠯ ᠭᠣᠶᠣᠵᠠᠢ᠃ ᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠬᠣᠶᠢᠰᠢ | ᠂ ᠲᠡᠷᠡ ᠲᠢᠶᠠᠨᠵᠢᠨ ᠳᠦ ᠵᠠᠶᠢᠯᠠᠨ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠵᠤ ᠂ ᠦᠷᠭᠦᠯᠵᠢ 《 | ᠱᠠᠪᠢ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠴᠢᠨ》᠂ 《 ᠵᠥᠭᠡᠢ》 ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ᠦᠨ | ᠨᠡᠷᠡ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠰᠣᠨᠢᠨ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡ ᠰᠤᠯᠠ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠯ ᠰᠢᠯᠦᠭ ᠂ | ᠵᠦᠴᠦᠭᠡ᠂ ᠲᠤᠭᠤᠵᠢᠰ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠪᠦᠲᠦᠭᠡᠯ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠲᠡᠯᠡᠭᠦᠯᠵᠦ | ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠪᠠ᠃ 1930 ᠣᠨ ᠤ 12 ᠰᠠᠷᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠤᠷᠪᠠᠭᠴᠢ ᠳᠤ | ᠬᠤᠳᠠᠯᠳᠤᠭᠳᠠᠵᠤ ᠲᠢᠶᠠᠨᠵᠢᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠭᠣᠮᠢᠨᠳᠠᠩ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠷᠬᠡ | ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠭᠴᠢᠳ ᠲᠤ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠭᠳᠠᠵᠤ᠂ 15 ᠵᠢᠯ ᠬᠣᠷᠢᠬᠤ ᠡᠷᠡᠭᠦᠦ ᠪᠡᠷ | ᠪᠸᠢᠢᠫᠢᠩ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠼᠣᠣ ᠯᠠᠨ ᠽᠢ ᠭᠢᠨᠳᠠᠨ ᠳᠦ ᠬᠣᠷᠢᠵᠠᠢ ᠃ 1933 | ᠣᠨ ᠤ 3 ᠰᠠᠷᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠰᠦᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠢᠩ ᠵᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠬᠣᠶᠢᠲᠤ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠤ | ᠶᠠᠫᠣᠨ ᠢ ᠡᠰᠡᠷᠭᠦᠴᠡᠬᠦ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠯᠲᠠ ᠳᠤ | ᠴᠢᠳᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢᠲᠠᠨ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠴᠡᠭᠡ ᠲᠡᠶ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ ᠭᠡᠰᠡᠨ | ᠨᠡᠷᠡ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠭᠢᠨᠳᠠᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠰᠤᠯᠠᠯᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠪᠴᠠᠢ᠂ ᠢᠩᠬᠢᠭᠡᠳ | ᠰᠦᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠢᠩ ᠦᠨ ᠳᠥᠴᠢᠨ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠳᠦᠭᠡᠷ ᠠᠷᠮᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ | ᠬᠣᠰᠢᠭᠤᠴᠢ ᠭᠧᠨᠧᠷᠠᠯ ᠪᠠ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠲᠥᠷᠥ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠣᠯᠪᠠᠰᠤᠷᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ | ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠳᠠᠷᠤᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠲᠣᠮᠢᠯᠠᠭᠳᠠᠵᠠᠢ ᠃ ᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠂ | ᠰᠦᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠢᠩ ᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨᠬᠠᠳᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠶᠠᠫᠣᠨ ᠢ ᠡᠰᠡᠷᠭᠦᠴᠡᠬᠦ | ᠳᠠᠶᠢᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠢᠯᠠᠭᠳᠠᠵᠤ ᠂ 1934 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠨᠢᠩᠰᠢᠶᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠦᠷᠴᠦ ᠂ | ᠬᠠᠨ ᠯᠢᠨ ᠹᠦ᠋ ᠬᠢᠭᠡᠳ ᠰᠦᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠢᠩ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠬᠣᠶᠢᠲᠤ | ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠳᠦ ᠴᠡᠷᠢᠭ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠷᠢᠰᠢᠵᠤ ᠠᠳᠡᠷ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠯᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯᠠᠵᠤ | ᠴᠡᠷᠢᠭ ᠲᠡᠵᠢᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠵᠠᠢ᠃ ᠰᠦᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠢᠩ | ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠬᠣᠶᠢᠲᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠳᠡᠷ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠯᠪᠤᠷᠢᠯᠠᠬᠤ | ᠱᠠᠭᠠᠷᠳᠠᠭᠴᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠤᠰᠢᠶᠠᠯ ᠡᠭᠦᠷᠭᠡᠯᠡᠵᠦ᠂ ᠬᠠᠨ ᠯᠢᠨ ᠹᠦ᠋ | ᠪᠤᠭᠤᠲᠤ ᠣᠷᠴᠢᠮ ᠴᠡᠷᠢᠭ ᠪᠣᠯᠪᠠᠰᠤᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠰᠬᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ | ᠵᠡᠪᠰᠡᠭᠲᠦ ᠬᠦᠴᠦᠨ ᠪᠣᠯᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠴᠢᠷᠮᠠᠶᠢᠵᠠᠢ᠃ ᠭᠡᠪᠡᠴᠦ | ᠳᠡᠮᠡᠶ ᠤᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠂ ᠵᠢᠶᠠᠩ ᠵᠢᠶᠧ ᠱᠢ ᠴᠡᠷᠢᠭ ᠲᠣᠮᠢᠯᠠᠨ | ᠰᠦᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠢᠩ ᠦᠨ ᠪᠦᠬᠦ ᠵᠡᠪᠰᠡᠭ ᠢ ᠬᠤᠷᠢᠶᠠᠮᠵᠢᠯᠠᠵᠤ᠂ | ᠬᠠᠨ ᠯᠢᠨ ᠹᠦ᠋ ᠶᠢ ᠪᠠᠰᠠ ᠨᠡᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠪᠴᠢᠯᠠᠬᠤ | ᠭᠡᠵᠡᠢ᠂ ᠡᠶᠢᠮᠦ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠲᠡᠷᠡ ᠱᠠᠨ ᠰᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ | ᠲᠤᠢᠷ ᠵᠠᠶᠢᠯᠠᠵᠠᠢ᠃ ᠤᠷᠪᠠᠭᠴᠢ ᠂ ᠭᠣᠮᠢᠨᠳᠠᠩ ᠤᠨ ᠴᠡᠷᠢᠭ ᠦᠨ | ᠲᠣᠪᠴᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠠᠩᠨᠠᠭᠤᠯ ᠵᠧᠩ ᠫᠢ ᠯᠢᠶ᠋ᠸ᠂ ᠲᠠᠨᠭᠨᠠᠭᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ | ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠵᠢᠭᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠬᠠᠨ ᠯᠢᠨ ᠹᠦ᠋ ᠶᠢᠨ | ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠭᠠ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠂ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠵᠤ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠬᠤ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠤᠷᠢᠳᠴᠢᠯᠠᠨ | ᠲᠠᠩᠨᠠᠵᠤ ᠣᠯᠣᠭᠠᠳ᠂ ᠲᠠᠩᠨᠠᠭᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ | ᠬᠠᠩᠭᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠭᠠᠷ ᠫᠤᠤ ᠰᠤᠮᠤ ᠵᠠᠷᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ1934 ᠣᠨ ᠤ9 | ᠰᠠᠷᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ22 ᠦ ᠡᠳᠦᠷ ᠲᠣᠰᠬᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠭᠠᠳᠠᠨᠠ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠵᠢᠵᠢᠭ | ᠰᠦᠮᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡᠮᠦᠨᠡ ᠬᠠᠨ ᠯᠢᠨ ᠹᠦ᠋ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠣᠣᠷᠯᠠᠨ ᠠᠯᠠᠵᠠᠢ᠃ | ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠶ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠵᠢᠯ 34 ᠨᠠᠰᠤᠲᠠᠶ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠪᠠ᠃ ᠬᠠᠨ ᠯᠢᠨ ᠹᠦ᠋ ᠶᠢᠨ | ᠠᠯᠠᠭᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠨᠢ ᠪᠸᠢᠢᠫᠢᠩ ᠂ ᠲᠠᠶᠢᠶᠤᠸᠠᠨ ᠢ | ᠳᠣᠩᠰᠣᠯᠭᠠᠵᠠᠢ᠃ ᠪᠧᠶᠢᠫᠢᠩ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠯᠡ ᠰᠣᠨᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠢᠨ ᠪᠦᠷ | ᠴᠢᠬᠤᠯᠠ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠲᠡᠯᠡᠵᠡᠢ᠃ 《ᠪᠧᠶᠢᠫᠢᠩ ᠤᠨ | ᠡᠳᠦᠷ ᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠢᠭᠦᠮᠵᠢ 》 ᠳᠤ ᠄ 《 ᠰᠦᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠢᠩ | ᠢᠯᠠᠭᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠ ᠂ ᠬᠠᠨ ᠯᠢᠨ ᠹᠦ᠋ ᠱᠠᠨ ᠰᠢ | ᠮᠤᠵᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠢᠥᠢ ᠼᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠩ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠣᠭᠣᠷᠣᠨᠳᠣ | ᠨᠢᠭᠤᠭᠳᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠣᠶᠢᠷᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠱᠠᠨᠰᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠣᠶᠢᠲᠤ | ᠬᠡᠰᠡᠭ ᠲᠤ ᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡᠮ ᠰᠠᠮᠠᠭᠤᠷᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠ | ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠵᠠᠪᠰᠢᠨ ᠬᠠᠨ ᠯᠢᠨ ᠹᠦ᠋ ᠪᠠᠰᠠ ᠢᠥᠢ ᠼᠢ᠂ ᠳᠠᠢᠢᠬᠦ᠋ | ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡᠮ ᠂ ᠯᠤᠶᠢᠪᠠᠷᠴᠢ ᠂ ᠬᠠᠷᠠ | ᠲᠠᠮᠠᠬᠢ ᠲᠠᠲᠠᠭᠴᠢᠳ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠰᠦᠯᠪᠡᠭᠡᠯᠡᠵᠦ ᠬᠠᠤᠯᠢ ᠪᠤᠰᠤ | ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠭᠠ ᠬᠢᠬᠦ ᠰᠠᠨᠠᠭᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ》 ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠲᠡᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ | ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ᠃ | | |